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Computer and Information Research Scientists

SOC 15-1221.00Job Zone 5 · Extensive Preparationv.26.05

Context coveredThis framework covers the full research and development lifecycle for Computer and Information Research Scientists working across academic, corporate, and government R&D environments, from supervised lab entry through executive-level strategic leadership in computing innovation.

Emerging
Entry / Apprentice
  1. Computer hardware and software problemsanalyze root causes under faculty or senior researcher direction in a university or corporate research lab setting.
  2. Mathematical models of technical problemsformulate with guidance by applying foundational coursework to structured research problems in supervised project work.
  3. Existing theoretical frameworksreview and summarize to support innovation efforts on an assigned research team in an academic or R&D environment.
  4. Development environment software and analytical toolsoperate following established lab protocols to run experiments and record results under close supervision.
  5. Technical literature and research proposalsread and synthesize to identify relevant prior work in preparation for team meetings and literature reviews.
  6. Research task prioritiestrack and report progress against assigned milestones under the direction of a principal investigator or project lead.
  7. Basic programming scripts and algorithmswrite and test in a supported codebase environment to implement well-defined research procedures.
  8. Database management and query softwareuse to retrieve and organize research data sets according to project specifications under supervision.
  9. Multidisciplinary project team meetingsparticipate in by contributing domain-specific knowledge in areas such as human-computer interaction or robotics.
  10. Oral and written research summariesprepare and present to supervisors and lab peers to communicate early-stage experimental findings clearly.
Developing
Mid-level / Established
  1. Computer hardware and software design specificationsdevelop with moderate independence by applying theoretical principles to targeted research problems in a corporate or government lab.
  2. Mathematical and computational modelsconstruct and validate routinely to represent engineering or scientific problems for computer-based solution in familiar research domains.
  3. New technology applicationsadapt existing principles to novel uses by conducting structured feasibility analyses on moderately complex research initiatives.
  4. Project plans and proposalsevaluate for technical and resource feasibility using established assessment criteria within a defined research program.
  5. Cross-functional meetings with managers and vendorsfacilitate to resolve technical coordination issues and align deliverables on active R&D projects.
  6. Systems analysis techniquesapply to identify performance gaps and improvement opportunities in computing systems operating within a known research environment.
  7. Analytical and scientific software platformsconfigure and deploy to process complex data sets and generate reproducible experimental results with limited oversight.
  8. Research task schedulingmanage across multiple concurrent assignments by setting priorities and adjusting timelines to meet project goals in a team setting.
  9. Technical reports and peer-reviewed manuscriptsdraft and revise to communicate research methods and findings to scientific and engineering audiences.
  10. Active learning strategiesapply by integrating emerging literature into ongoing research activities to keep methods current within a specialization area.
Proficient
Senior / Expert IC
  1. Novel hardware architectures and software systemsdesign end-to-end by synthesizing theoretical innovation and applied engineering judgment across the full research lifecycle.
  2. Complex multidisciplinary problems in areas such as virtual reality or roboticsanalyze and resolve autonomously by formulating original computational models and experimental designs.
  3. Theoretical expertiseapply to create new technologies or adapt computing principles to previously unsolved problems in high-stakes research or industry environments.
  4. Systems evaluation frameworksdevelop and execute to assess whether deployed technologies meet scientific, operational, and organizational performance criteria.
  5. Non-routine feasibility and risk analysesconduct on research proposals and project plans, delivering authoritative recommendations to senior leadership and funding bodies.
  6. Expert system and business intelligence softwarearchitect and leverage to extract insights from large-scale data in support of strategic research objectives.
  7. Logical analyses of business, scientific, and engineering problemslead independently by constructing rigorous mathematical representations suitable for computational solution.
  8. Stakeholder consultations with executives, partners, and regulatory bodiesmanage to secure cooperation, resolve technical disputes, and maintain project alignment.
  9. Cloud-based and distributed computing environmentsdesign and optimize to support high-performance research workloads requiring scalability and resilience.
  10. Advanced programming and technology design solutionsproduce and publish as original intellectual contributions that extend the state of the art in the field.
Advanced
Lead / Principal / Executive
  1. Organizational research strategy and computing innovation roadmapdefine and champion by translating long-range scientific vision into funded, executable R&D programs.
  2. New computational paradigms and breakthrough technologiespioneer by directing teams of researchers to apply original theoretical frameworks to previously intractable problems.
  3. Enterprise-level systems architecture decisionsmake with full accountability, balancing technical rigor, resource constraints, and organizational mission at executive scale.
  4. Multidisciplinary research portfolios spanning AI, robotics, and human-computer interactionoversee and integrate to ensure coherent scientific progress and cross-domain synergy.
  5. Organizational talent and competency developmentlead by mentoring junior scientists, designing research apprenticeships, and building institutional knowledge within the discipline.
  6. Strategic partnerships with industry, government, and academic institutionscultivate and govern to secure resources, expand research influence, and accelerate technology transfer.
  7. Peer-review and editorial leadership in high-impact scientific venuesexercise to shape the direction of the field and uphold rigorous standards for computational research.
  8. Feasibility and investment decisions on large-scale technology initiativesrender by synthesizing inductive and deductive reasoning across complex technical, financial, and policy dimensions.
  9. Organizational innovation culturefoster by setting norms of intellectual curiosity, dependability, and evidence-based experimentation across research divisions.
  10. Policy and standards contributions at national or international levellead by representing organizational expertise in computing research to shape regulatory and technical frameworks.

Authoritative source data identified for 998 occupations

How a worker at each mastery level uses, directs, and evaluates AI tools in this occupation. Each statement cites its evidence inline; click a citation chip to verify the source.

Emerging
  1. AI-assisted literature review — uses LLM tools to summarize recent research papers and surface relevant prior work, while independently evaluating the credibility and relevance of each source Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  2. Prompt drafting for code scaffolding — submits well-scoped algorithmic problems to AI coding assistants to generate initial implementations, then manually reviews correctness and efficiency before integrating results Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Developing
  1. Hypothesis exploration delegation — directs AI tools to enumerate candidate solutions or theoretical approaches for a defined research problem, then applies domain expertise to evaluate feasibility and novelty Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Experiment pipeline acceleration — offloads repetitive data preprocessing, parameter sweep scripting, and result formatting to AI assistants, reclaiming time for experimental design and interpretation Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  3. Research communication drafting — tasks an AI assistant with producing first-draft technical documentation or conference abstracts, then rewrites for precision, contribution framing, and audience alignment WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
Proficient
  1. Multi-stage research problem decomposition — breaks a complex systems analysis challenge into discrete sub-tasks, assigns tractable sub-problems to AI agents with explicit constraints, and integrates outputs under a coherent research design Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  2. AI-assisted algorithm design critique — generates multiple algorithmic variants through iterative AI dialogue, then stress-tests each against theoretical bounds and empirical benchmarks to inform the final design decision Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  3. Cross-disciplinary synthesis — orchestrates AI tools to translate findings across computing subfields or adjacent sciences, then exercises judgment to identify non-obvious connections that advance novel technology application Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  4. Vendor and collaborator briefing support — uses AI to produce structured comparison documents and decision matrices ahead of stakeholder meetings, retaining authorship of the final recommendation and its technical rationale Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
Advanced
  1. Autonomous research agent governance — deploys multi-step AI agents on extended literature synthesis, experimental code generation, and result validation workflows, establishing checkpoints at every stage where expert judgment supersedes automated output Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. AI capability boundary assessment — evaluates where AI autonomy is appropriate versus where human judgment is irreplaceable within a research program, using empirical task-level evidence to calibrate delegation decisions and communicate risk to institutional stakeholders Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  3. Novel AI tool integration into research infrastructure — architects the adoption of new LLM or AI-assisted tooling into team workflows, defining evaluation criteria, failure modes, and governance policies that align with scientific rigor standards WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Evidence pack
AEI usage
Task observations: 11329
Augment share: 95%
Time saved: 85.8%
AI autonomy: 3.07
SAFI positioning
Top skill: Judgment and Decision Making
Score: 60 / 100
precision: category_estimate
WEF cluster
Artificial Intelligence
artificial_intelligence

Ten durable-skill domains mapped to four proficiency/role levels for each occupation. Each statement is aligned to the Pathsmith taxonomy, derived from trusted grounding data and mapped to occupation-specific O*NET tasks and skills.

1Communication12 statements
Emerging
  1. Research summary drafts — translates preliminary computational findings into written summaries for internal team review using standard scientific formats Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Terminology clarity — uses precise computer science and mathematical vocabulary when describing algorithmic concepts to peers during lab meetings O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Stakeholder listening — attends meetings with managers and vendors and records key requirements without interjecting premature technical solutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Technical report writing — structures research progress reports covering methodology, results, and limitations for review by principal investigators and program managers Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cross-disciplinary explanation — conveys computational modeling approaches to engineers and scientists from adjacent fields during multidisciplinary project meetings O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Requirements elicitation — asks clarifying questions during stakeholder interviews to surface unstated constraints before formalizing problem specifications Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Conference paper authorship — produces peer-reviewed manuscripts that clearly present novel algorithms, experimental design, and empirical results for expert audiences Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Feasibility briefings — delivers structured oral presentations to management summarizing technical risks, resource needs, and go/no-go recommendations for proposed projects O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Interdisciplinary translation — adapts descriptions of mathematical models and system architectures so that collaborators in robotics, HCI, or domain sciences understand design decisions O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Research vision articulation — communicates long-range technology directions and theoretical frameworks to funding bodies, executive leadership, and the public through written and spoken channels Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Mentorship communication — guides junior researchers in developing scientific writing and presentation skills by providing structured, evidence-based feedback on drafts and talks Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Community knowledge transfer — authors textbook chapters, survey articles, or open-source documentation that establish shared vocabulary and canonical approaches across a research community O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
2Leadership12 statements
Emerging
  1. Task ownership — accepts assigned research subtasks, meets stated milestones, and reports progress and blockers to the supervising scientist without prompting Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Peer initiative — proposes a testable hypothesis or alternative implementation strategy during team discussions rather than waiting for direction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Schedule awareness — tracks personal task priorities against project goals using lab management tools and flags timeline risks early O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Sub-project coordination — leads a defined research module within a larger initiative, coordinating deliverables across two or three contributors and resolving minor conflicts Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Vendor and collaborator engagement — represents the research team in meetings with external vendors or university partners, soliciting cooperation and escalating unresolved issues appropriately O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Junior researcher onboarding — walks new lab members through codebase conventions, experimental protocols, and documentation standards Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Research project leadership — owns the full lifecycle of a funded research project from problem formulation through publication, managing timelines, budgets, and personnel Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Feasibility gatekeeping — evaluates project proposals against technical, resource, and strategic criteria and presents prioritized recommendations to program leadership O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Multidisciplinary team direction — leads cross-functional teams spanning computer scientists, domain experts, and engineers, aligning diverse contributors toward shared experimental objectives O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Research program vision — defines multi-year scientific roadmaps, secures funding, and builds institutional capability in emerging areas such as quantum computing or neuromorphic architectures Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Field-level influence — shapes research priorities across an organization or discipline by chairing program committees, advising funding agencies, or leading standards bodies Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Talent development strategy — designs mentorship pipelines and career development frameworks that grow the next generation of computer and information research scientists within an institution Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
3Metacognition12 statements
Emerging
  1. Learning gap identification — recognizes which mathematical or programming concepts are insufficiently understood before beginning a new research problem and seeks targeted resources Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Approach reflection — after an experiment fails, identifies whether the cause was a flawed hypothesis, an implementation error, or insufficient data before attempting a fix Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Reading strategy selection — chooses between skimming survey papers for orientation and deep-reading primary sources based on the current stage of a literature review Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Research planning calibration — estimates time and cognitive load required for unfamiliar algorithmic tasks and adjusts experimental schedules accordingly Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Assumption auditing — explicitly lists the theoretical assumptions embedded in a mathematical model before submitting it for peer review, distinguishing proven claims from conjectures Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Feedback integration — after receiving reviewer comments or code review notes, diagnoses patterns in recurring errors and modifies personal research habits to address root causes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Methodology monitoring — tracks whether an ongoing research approach is converging on useful results and pivots the experimental design when evidence indicates the current path is unproductive Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Knowledge boundary mapping — accurately characterizes the limits of current theoretical understanding when scoping a proposal, preventing overcommitment in grant deliverables Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Cognitive load management — structures complex system analyses into tractable subproblems, sequencing cognitive effort to maintain rigor across long-duration research projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Research epistemology leadership — teaches junior scientists to distinguish between what is known, what is assumed, and what is speculative within a body of computational research Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Adaptive strategy expertise — models multiple competing solution strategies for hard open problems, selects among them based on emerging evidence, and articulates the reasoning behind strategic pivots to collaborators Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Community reflection facilitation — leads retrospectives on failed large-scale research initiatives to extract transferable lessons about problem formulation and methodology selection Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
4Critical Thinking12 statements
Emerging
  1. Literature evaluation — assesses whether cited experimental results in a research paper are supported by the reported methodology and sample sizes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Algorithm comparison — identifies trade-offs between two candidate algorithms by examining their computational complexity, correctness guarantees, and implementation constraints O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Requirement analysis — breaks a loosely stated business or scientific problem into component requirements before selecting a computational approach O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Mathematical model critique — identifies limiting assumptions in a formulated model and evaluates how those assumptions affect the validity of computer-generated solutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Systems analysis — traces how a proposed change to a hardware component or software module propagates effects through a larger integrated system O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Evidence-based hypothesis refinement — revises a research hypothesis in response to experimental data, distinguishing between results that disconfirm the hypothesis and results that reflect confounding variables Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Feasibility analysis — conducts rigorous logical analyses of proposed engineering and scientific projects, identifying technical infeasibility before significant resources are committed Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Multi-criteria decision making — evaluates competing system design options against performance, scalability, maintainability, and cost criteria using structured decision frameworks Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Root cause diagnosis — isolates the underlying source of anomalous computational behavior in complex systems by systematically ruling out competing explanations O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Novel problem formulation — reframes an intractable open problem by identifying a hidden assumption whose removal enables a tractable mathematical model, advancing the field Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Systems evaluation leadership — designs evaluation frameworks used organization-wide to assess whether deployed computational systems meet scientific and operational objectives O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Cross-domain reasoning — synthesizes insights from mathematics, engineering, cognitive science, or other disciplines to expose structural analogies that yield new algorithmic solutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
5Collaboration12 statements
Emerging
  1. Lab team participation — contributes assigned code modules or experimental results to a shared repository on schedule, resolving merge conflicts and documenting changes for teammates Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Meeting preparation — arrives at multidisciplinary project meetings with a prepared status update and a list of specific questions for collaborators from adjacent fields O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Perspective solicitation — asks colleagues from engineering or domain-science backgrounds to review a proposed system architecture before finalizing the design Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Cross-functional coordination — aligns computational research milestones with the schedules of hardware engineers, domain scientists, or UX researchers on joint projects O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Conflict navigation — surfaces and mediates technical disagreements between team members regarding algorithm selection or system design using evidence rather than hierarchy Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Shared documentation — co-authors technical specifications and experimental protocols that give all project contributors a consistent reference for implementation decisions O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Multidisciplinary project integration — coordinates research contributions across virtual reality, HCI, or robotics teams, ensuring that computational components interface correctly with hardware and domain systems O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Vendor problem resolution — collaborates with external vendors to diagnose integration failures, negotiate specification changes, and validate corrected implementations O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Research partnership management — maintains productive long-term collaborations with university, government, or industry partners by clarifying roles, sharing data protocols, and jointly authoring publications Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Consortium leadership — builds and sustains multi-institution research consortia, designing governance structures, data-sharing agreements, and joint publication norms that enable sustained collaboration Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Inclusion in team design — constructs research teams that deliberately incorporate diverse disciplinary and demographic perspectives, demonstrating measurable impact on innovation quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Collaboration methodology transfer — codifies best practices for distributed research collaboration and teaches them to junior scientists and project managers across the organization Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
6Character12 statements
Emerging
  1. Data integrity adherence — records experimental parameters, raw results, and anomalies accurately in lab notebooks and version-controlled repositories without selective omission Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Deadline accountability — communicates proactively when a deliverable is at risk rather than allowing a missed deadline to surface without warning to the research team Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. IP and attribution awareness — correctly attributes code, algorithms, and ideas to their originators in documentation, presentations, and publications Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Research ethics compliance — applies institutional review standards, data privacy regulations, and funding agency requirements to the design and execution of research studies Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Conflict of interest disclosure — identifies and discloses potential conflicts involving vendor relationships, financial interests, or personal connections before participating in evaluation or procurement decisions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Constructive peer review — delivers honest, evidence-based feedback on colleagues' code and manuscripts without disparagement, maintaining professional respect in disagreement Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Reproducibility standards — ensures that published algorithms and experimental results are accompanied by sufficient implementation detail, datasets, and documentation to allow independent replication Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Accountable project ownership — accepts responsibility for project outcomes, including failed experiments and missed targets, and presents lessons learned transparently to leadership and sponsors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Ethical technology assessment — evaluates potential societal, privacy, and security implications of new technologies before advocating for their development or deployment Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Research integrity culture — establishes lab-wide norms for open data, reproducible research, and ethical AI development that become models adopted by peer institutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Whistleblower courage — identifies and formally reports research misconduct, data falsification, or systemic ethical violations despite organizational or professional risk Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Professional standards contribution — serves on ethics boards, professional society committees, or standards bodies to shape community-level norms for responsible computing research Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
7Creativity12 statements
Emerging
  1. Alternative solution generation — proposes at least two distinct algorithmic approaches to a new problem before selecting the one to implement, documenting trade-offs Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Analogy-based ideation — draws connections between a current unsolved problem and known solutions in adjacent mathematical or engineering domains to seed new hypotheses Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Prototype experimentation — builds a minimal proof-of-concept implementation to test whether a novel computational idea is feasible before investing in full development O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Novel application design — adapts an existing theoretical framework to a new application domain, such as applying graph-theoretic methods to a biological or social network problem Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Unconventional problem framing — redefines the boundary conditions of a standard optimization problem to expose a reformulation that yields a more tractable solution Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Cross-disciplinary synthesis — combines concepts from mathematics, cognitive science, or physics to propose a research direction that no single discipline would generate independently Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. New technology invention — creates original algorithms, data structures, or hardware-software co-designs that advance the state of the art and are suitable for peer-reviewed publication or patent filing Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Research agenda innovation — identifies underexplored intersections between established fields and proposes funded research programs that open new lines of scientific inquiry Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Experimental design originality — devises evaluation methodologies that isolate novel variables in complex systems where no established benchmark yet exists Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Paradigm-shifting contribution — produces theoretical or applied work that reframes how a subfield approaches a class of problems, earning recognition through citations, awards, or adoption in practice Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Innovation ecosystem cultivation — creates lab cultures, hackathons, or open-source platforms that systematically generate and accelerate creative ideas from researchers at all career stages Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Technology transfer creativity — translates fundamental research breakthroughs into new product concepts, startup ventures, or open standards that create durable societal value O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
8Growth Mindset12 statements
Emerging
  1. Failure analysis engagement — after an algorithm produces incorrect results, treats the failure as diagnostic information and documents what the error reveals about the problem structure Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Skill gap pursuit — enrolls in coursework or studies primary literature to acquire mathematical or programming competencies identified as missing for a current research challenge Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Feedback receptiveness — incorporates reviewer, advisor, or peer critique of code and manuscripts into revised work without defensiveness Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Research persistence — continues systematic experimentation through repeated negative results, adjusting methodology rather than abandoning a well-motivated research direction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Stretch assignment acceptance — volunteers for project roles that require learning new programming languages, hardware platforms, or mathematical domains outside current expertise Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Comparative learning — studies competing research groups' published approaches to understand why their methods outperform current work and integrates applicable insights Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Long-horizon project commitment — sustains rigorous effort across multi-year research programs that encounter funding pressures, personnel changes, and unanticipated technical obstacles Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Iterative improvement discipline — treats each published result as a baseline to surpass, consistently identifying the next open problem revealed by current findings Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Cross-field retooling — acquires sufficient expertise in a new domain such as quantum systems, neuromorphic computing, or bioinformatics to make original contributions after a deliberate learning period Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Learning culture modeling — demonstrates publicly in lab meetings and publications that uncertainty and revision are core features of rigorous science, normalizing intellectual humility for junior researchers Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Field evolution leadership — anticipates paradigm shifts in computing and proactively repositions a research group's expertise to remain at the frontier, modeling adaptive learning for the field Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Mentorship through challenge — assigns junior researchers progressively harder problems calibrated to stretch their capabilities, providing scaffolding that builds independent research judgment Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
9Mindfulness12 statements
Emerging
  1. Attention management — uses structured work sessions with defined objectives to minimize context-switching during complex algorithm development and mathematical derivation Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Emotional awareness — recognizes personal frustration signals during debugging or failed experiments and applies a deliberate pause before deciding on the next step Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Meeting presence — suspends work on active coding tasks during collaborative meetings to give full attention to cross-disciplinary partners' contributions and concerns Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Cognitive reset practice — incorporates deliberate breaks between intensive analytical tasks to restore attention quality and reduce error rates in formal proofs or system designs Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Stress signal recognition — identifies early indicators of research-related burnout or cognitive overload and adjusts workload or seeks support before performance degrades Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Intentional communication — pauses to consider the technical background and informational needs of the audience before selecting vocabulary and depth when explaining research to non-specialists Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Sustained focus under complexity — maintains analytical rigor across extended periods of work on hard open problems without shortcuts driven by deadline pressure or fatigue Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Reactive response regulation — responds to unexpected experimental failures, stakeholder criticism, or resource cuts with deliberate analysis rather than reactive decision-making Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Inclusive attention in teams — actively monitors group dynamics during multidisciplinary meetings to ensure quieter contributors are heard before conclusions are reached Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Mindful leadership practice — models calm, intentional decision-making under high-stakes conditions such as grant deadlines, system failures, or public scrutiny, stabilizing team performance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Organizational attention culture — designs team norms and meeting structures that protect deep-work time for researchers and reduce unnecessary interruptions across a laboratory or department Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Crisis presence — maintains clear analytical thinking and effective communication during major research setbacks or high-visibility failures, providing steady direction to collaborators and sponsors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
10Fortitude12 statements
Emerging
  1. Rejection persistence — resubmits a rejected conference or journal paper with substantive revisions rather than abandoning the contribution after initial negative peer review Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Ambiguity tolerance — begins exploratory work on a loosely defined research problem without requiring complete specification before proceeding Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Debugging endurance — sustains systematic fault isolation in complex software or hardware systems through repeated failed attempts until the root cause is identified O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Long-cycle patience — maintains consistent research effort on problems with multi-year solution horizons without requiring frequent external validation of progress Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Resource constraint adaptation — continues productive research when computational resources, funding, or personnel are reduced, reprioritizing and scoping work to match available capacity Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Criticism resilience — processes strongly negative feedback from expert reviewers or senior colleagues as technical input rather than personal failure, returning to work with undiminished commitment Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Program-level perseverance — sustains a multi-year funded research program through technical dead ends, team turnover, and shifting sponsor priorities, maintaining scientific integrity and forward momentum Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Courageous dissent — publicly challenges a prevailing theoretical assumption or widely adopted methodology when accumulated evidence supports doing so, accepting professional risk in service of scientific accuracy Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. High-stakes delivery — meets critical deadlines for grant reports, system demonstrations, or product handoffs under conditions of incomplete information or last-minute technical failures Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Field-level resilience modeling — openly discusses prior research failures and pivots in publications, talks, and mentorship to normalize perseverance as a professional norm in computing research Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Adversarial environment navigation — sustains research productivity and team cohesion during extended periods of institutional turbulence, budget cuts, or competitive pressure from rival groups Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Foundational problem commitment — dedicates sustained career effort to fundamental open problems in computer science or mathematics where progress timelines are measured in decades, maintaining rigor without guaranteed results Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
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Source anchors that ground each statement

Related titles
AI Engineer (Artificial Intelligence Engineer) · Applied Scientist · Artificial Intelligence Specialist (AI Specialist) · Computational Linguist · Computational Scientist · Computational Theory Scientist · Computer Scientist · Computer Specialist · Computer Vision Scientist · Control System Computer Scientist · Cryptologist · Cybersecurity Research Scientist (Cyber Research Scientist)
RAPIDS apprenticeships
O*NET skills
Judgment and Decision MakingCritical ThinkingComplex Problem SolvingReading ComprehensionActive ListeningSystems AnalysisProgrammingSystems EvaluationActive LearningSpeakingTime ManagementWritingMathematicsOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignMonitoringScienceLearning StrategiesSocial PerceptivenessCoordinationInstructing
Knowledge domains
Computers and ElectronicsMathematicsEngineering and TechnologyEnglish LanguageAdministration and ManagementDesignTelecommunications
Abilities
Inductive ReasoningDeductive ReasoningOral ExpressionOral ComprehensionFluency of IdeasWritten ComprehensionProblem SensitivityWritten ExpressionCategory FlexibilityInformation Ordering
Work styles
Intellectual CuriosityInnovationAttention to DetailAdaptabilityAchievement OrientationDependability
Technology
Graphics or photo imaging softwareDevelopment environment softwareAnalytical or scientific softwareData base management system softwareData base user interface and query softwareCloud-based management softwareExpert system softwareProcedure management softwarePortal server softwareBusiness intelligence and data analysis software
Tasks · seed anchors for statements
  1. Analyze problems to develop solutions involving computer hardware and software.
  2. Apply theoretical expertise and innovation to create or apply new technology, such as adapting principles for applying computers to new uses.
  3. Assign or schedule tasks to meet work priorities and goals.
  4. Meet with managers, vendors, and others to solicit cooperation and resolve problems.
  5. Design computers and the software that runs them.
  6. Conduct logical analyses of business, scientific, engineering, and other technical problems, formulating mathematical models of problems for solution by computers.
  7. Evaluate project plans and proposals to assess feasibility issues.
  8. Participate in multidisciplinary projects in areas such as virtual reality, human-computer interaction, or robotics.
CIP education codes
11.010111.010211.010311.010411.019911.040111.070111.080411.090226.110330.310130.700130.709940.051251.2706

Sources: O*NET v30.2 (CC BY 4.0), SkillsCrosswalk.com, LER.me, Anthropic Economic Index, SAFI (Jadhav & Danve, 2026), WEF Skills Taxonomy 2021, Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework. © 2026 EBSCOed.