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Architects, Except Landscape and Naval

SOC 17-1011.00Job Zone 5 · Extensive Preparationv.26.05

Context coveredThis framework covers the full professional practice of licensed architects in formal design firms and organizational settings, from entry-level project support through executive leadership, spanning residential, commercial, institutional, and large-scale complex project environments.

Sources:O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.SkillsCrosswalkSkillsCrosswalk — O*NET enrichment + adjacency index. Opens in new tab.
Emerging
Entry / Apprentice
  1. Scale drawings and basic architectural layouts — produce using CAD software under direct supervision on entry-level residential or commercial projects.
  2. Client functional and spatial requirements — gather and document through structured interviews under the guidance of a licensed architect.
  3. Architectural design standards and building codes — recognize and apply basic provisions when preparing preliminary design documents in a professional firm.
  4. Aesthetic representations of proposed structures — draft using desktop publishing and graphics software following established office templates and style guides.
  5. Material specifications and construction details — compile from standard reference sources under senior architect review for straightforward building types.
  6. Construction cost estimates and project timelines — assist in preparing preliminary figures using office-provided spreadsheet tools and historical cost data.
  7. Engineering elements such as structural and mechanical systems — identify and flag for integration into architectural drawings with guidance from project leads.
  8. Technical drawings and design documents — review for completeness and consistency against project briefs under close supervision in a studio environment.
  9. Communication with clients during drawing review meetings — participate by presenting assigned drawing sets and recording feedback under architect oversight.
  10. Analytical and scientific software tools — apply to basic site analysis and performance modeling tasks as directed within a multidisciplinary design team.
Developing
Mid-level / Established
  1. Final construction plan sets including aesthetic and technical details — coordinate and produce using CAD software with limited oversight on mid-scale commercial projects.
  2. Client consultation sessions — conduct independently to clarify functional and spatial requirements, documenting outcomes for project team review.
  3. Design specification packages covering materials, color, equipment, and finishes — prepare and assemble for client approval on routine project types within established firm protocols.
  4. Architectural layout plans for structural projects — develop and iterate in response to code, site, and program constraints with periodic senior review.
  5. Specialist consultants including mechanical and electrical engineers — monitor work products and coordinate drawing coordination meetings to ensure design intent is maintained.
  6. Construction drawings and design narratives — write and revise to professional standard, adapting language for technical and non-technical audiences.
  7. Integrated engineering systems within architectural designs — resolve routine conflicts between structural, mechanical, and architectural elements using systems analysis techniques.
  8. Building and construction regulations — apply comprehensively when preparing permit submission packages for mid-complexity projects in multiple jurisdictions.
  9. Project databases and document management software — maintain and update to ensure version control and accessibility across distributed design teams.
  10. Critical design decisions regarding form, program, and structure — evaluate using deductive reasoning and documented decision matrices, escalating complex cases to senior architects.
Proficient
Senior / Expert IC
  1. Complete construction document sets for complex, large-scale projects — author and coordinate autonomously, ensuring full integration of all engineering disciplines within the architectural design.
  2. Architectural designs of high aesthetic and technical complexity — develop from concept through construction administration, using advanced CAD and computational design tools.
  3. Client briefing, design review, and approval processes — lead across all project phases, negotiating scope, budget, and schedule trade-offs with confidence and authority.
  4. Non-routine structural and spatial challenges — resolve through original problem-solving, applying inductive and deductive reasoning across unfamiliar building typologies.
  5. Multi-disciplinary specialist teams including structural, mechanical, electrical, and acoustic engineers — direct and evaluate to ensure optimal functional and formal outcomes.
  6. Comprehensive project information packages — prepare covering design rationale, material specifications, regulatory compliance, cost analyses, and construction schedules for diverse stakeholders.
  7. Public safety, accessibility, and sustainability requirements — interpret and integrate proactively into all design decisions across the full project lifecycle.
  8. Procurement and contract documentation — oversee using specialized procurement software, ensuring contractor selection aligns with design quality and project requirements.
  9. Emerging design technologies and construction methodologies — evaluate and selectively adopt to improve design outcomes and office efficiency, sharing findings with the project team.
  10. Complex regulatory and zoning environments — navigate independently, preparing variance applications and presenting design justifications to planning and building authorities.
Advanced
Lead / Principal / Executive
  1. Firm-wide design vision and architectural standards — define and articulate, establishing a distinctive design culture that guides project teams across all building typologies and scales.
  2. Strategic client relationships with major institutional, governmental, and commercial clients — cultivate and steward, translating high-level organizational goals into transformative architectural briefs.
  3. Organizational project delivery frameworks — design and implement, including document management protocols, CAD and BIM standards, and quality assurance systems across multiple studios.
  4. Junior and mid-level architects and interns — mentor and develop systematically, creating structured learning pathways that accelerate licensure and professional growth.
  5. Cross-disciplinary design and engineering teams on landmark or highly complex projects — lead at program level, resolving systemic conflicts and setting integration strategies.
  6. Architectural innovation agenda — drive by championing new computational tools, sustainable design methodologies, and emerging construction technologies at industry forums and within the organization.
  7. Regulatory, political, and community stakeholder environments — engage authoritatively, shaping public policy discussions and advocating for design excellence and urban quality.
  8. Business development and proposal strategy — lead for major pursuits, directing fee negotiations, team composition, and competitive positioning to win high-profile commissions.
  9. Organizational risk management in design and construction — oversee, establishing policies for legal compliance, professional liability, and contract administration across all active projects.
  10. Long-term organizational capability and market positioning — set direction for, identifying emerging practice areas, forging strategic partnerships, and shaping the firm's multi-year growth strategy.

AI-at-Work Competency Framework

Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Authoritative source data identified for 998 occupations

How a worker at each mastery level uses, directs, and evaluates AI tools in this occupation. Each statement cites its evidence inline; click a citation chip to verify the source.

Emerging
  1. AI-assisted drawing support — uses AI-enabled CAD tools to generate preliminary scale drawings from basic spatial inputs, reviewing outputs for dimensional accuracy before presenting to supervisors Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  2. Specification document drafting — prompts an AI assistant to produce first-draft material lists and construction notes from project briefs, then checks against code requirements Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
Developing
  1. Client requirement synthesis — directs an AI tool to parse meeting notes and extract functional and spatial requirements, then validates the structured summary against direct client feedback Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Cost and timeline estimation support — delegates initial cost and schedule tabulations to an AI assistant, cross-checking outputs against historical project data before including them in client presentations Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  3. Regulatory document review — assigns AI to scan building codes and zoning text for relevant constraints, then applies professional judgment to confirm applicability to the specific project Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Proficient
  1. Design iteration orchestration — directs an AI generative design tool through multiple massing and facade variants using clearly defined programmatic constraints, retaining authorship of all aesthetic decisions Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Construction document automation — hands off repetitive drawing annotations and schedule population to AI pipelines, freeing approximately 80 percent of that task time for design resolution and client coordination Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  3. Computational thinking integration — structures design problems as parametric logic trees that AI tools can evaluate for structural and environmental performance, embedding this workflow into the standard project process WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  4. Cross-discipline coordination — uses AI to flag clashes between architectural, structural, and MEP drawings early in documentation, then leads resolution discussions with engineers and contractors Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Advanced
  1. Autonomous AI workflow governance — architects end-to-end AI agent pipelines covering brief analysis, code compliance checking, and drawing production, defining quality gates and human decision points at each stage Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Strategic AI capability leadership — evaluates emerging generative design and large-language-model tools against practice-wide needs, sets adoption policy, and trains junior staff on responsible delegation boundaries WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  3. Client-facing AI transparency — presents AI-generated design options directly in client reviews, articulating which decisions were AI-assisted and which reflect irreducible professional judgment, building informed client trust Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
Evidence pack
AEI usage
Task observations: 419
Augment share: 41.9%
Time saved: 81.7%
AI autonomy: 3.30
SAFI positioning
Top skill: Reading Comprehension
Score: 45.5 / 100
Quadrant: Q2_ai_augmented
precision: exact
WEF cluster
Computational Thinking
computational_thinking
Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.

Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework

Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Ten durable-skill domains mapped to four proficiency/role levels for each occupation. Each statement is aligned to the Pathsmith taxonomy, derived from trusted grounding data and mapped to occupation-specific O*NET tasks and skills.

1Communication13 statements
Emerging
  1. Client intake communication — elicits functional and spatial requirements through structured consultation while maintaining professional rapport Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Drawing annotation — labels scale drawings with basic material and structural notes using standard architectural conventions O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Verbal update — reports project status to supervisors and team members using foundational architectural terminology Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Design presentation — explains architectural concepts and spatial rationale to clients using sketches, renderings, and verbal narrative during review meetings Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Specification writing — drafts clear written documentation of materials, finishes, and construction methods for contractor use Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Consultant coordination — communicates design intent and scope expectations to structural, mechanical, and electrical engineers through written briefs and meeting dialogue O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Client drawing review — leads structured meetings to walk clients through architectural drawings, addressing concerns and translating technical content into accessible language Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Construction document communication — produces complete, unambiguous drawing sets and specifications that convey design, structure, materials, and sequencing to contractors and inspectors O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Interdisciplinary integration — synthesizes written and verbal input from engineering and interior design specialists into unified design documentation O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  4. Public safety communication — articulates building code compliance rationale and public safety considerations clearly in permit submissions and regulatory correspondence O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Stakeholder persuasion — crafts and delivers compelling design narratives to diverse audiences including civic bodies, community stakeholders, and executive clients that secure project approval Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Mentored communication development — coaches junior architects and interns in translating design intent into precise written specifications and clear client-facing presentations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Cross-disciplinary authorship — authors design standards, office communication protocols, and technical guides that elevate documentation quality across project teams Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
2Leadership10 statements
Emerging
  1. Task ownership — accepts responsibility for discrete drawing or design tasks within a supervised project team and delivers work to stated standards Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Peer coordination — proactively shares reference materials and design updates with fellow team members to keep workflows aligned Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Specialist oversight — monitors the work of engineers and interior designers on assigned project components, flagging deviations from design intent for resolution Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Client relationship stewardship — takes initiative in scheduling client review meetings, preparing agendas, and following up on outstanding decisions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Project team leadership — directs multidisciplinary project teams including structural, mechanical, and electrical engineers, interior designers, and construction managers toward a unified design outcome Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Construction administration authority — exercises decision-making authority on site during construction phases, resolving field issues and directing specialty subcontractors O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Design standards ownership — establishes and enforces office-wide drafting, specification, and quality-control standards for a project portfolio Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Firm-level design leadership — sets architectural vision and design methodology for the practice, aligning project teams with strategic and aesthetic goals Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Mentorship program leadership — designs and leads structured mentorship pathways for emerging and developing architects, including licensure preparation and professional development planning Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Community design leadership — champions public interest design initiatives, leading pro bono or civic projects that extend the firm's impact beyond commercial commissions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
3Metacognition9 statements
Emerging
  1. Self-assessment in design review — identifies gaps in own understanding of building codes or structural requirements and seeks targeted resources to address them Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Sketch reflection — reviews preliminary drawings against client briefs to evaluate whether spatial decisions align with stated requirements Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Design process monitoring — tracks own progress through schematic, design development, and construction document phases, adjusting effort allocation when milestones are at risk Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Feedback integration — deliberately applies critique received in design reviews to subsequent drawing iterations, documenting lessons learned for future projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Phase-level cognitive planning — structures problem-solving strategies differently across programming, schematic design, and technical documentation phases, matching mental effort to task demands Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Complexity calibration — recognizes the limits of personal expertise in structural, mechanical, or code domains and proactively engages specialist consultants before errors propagate Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Portfolio reflection — conducts post-occupancy and post-project self-evaluations to identify recurring decision-making patterns and refine design judgment Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Metacognitive modeling — explicitly teaches junior architects to monitor their own design reasoning, recognize cognitive biases in aesthetic preference, and evaluate evidence before committing to structural or spatial decisions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Strategic learning design — identifies emerging gaps in own knowledge of sustainable technology, building information modeling, or regulatory change and constructs deliberate learning plans to close them Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
4Critical Thinking10 statements
Emerging
  1. Code cross-referencing — locates applicable building, zoning, and accessibility codes for a given project type and identifies requirements that constrain design options O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Program analysis — reads and interprets client briefs to extract functional and spatial requirements that must be satisfied by the design solution Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Structural feasibility evaluation — assesses whether proposed spatial configurations are constructible within structural and material constraints before advancing to design development Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Options analysis — generates and compares multiple design alternatives against client requirements, site constraints, budget parameters, and building performance criteria Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Risk identification — evaluates construction plans for safety hazards, code non-compliance, and constructability issues during document review O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Integrated design judgment — synthesizes aesthetic, structural, mechanical, budgetary, and regulatory inputs simultaneously to reach sound design decisions under project constraints Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Value engineering analysis — evaluates proposed materials, systems, and construction methods against performance, cost, and longevity criteria to recommend optimal solutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Post-occupancy reasoning — applies evidence from completed building performance data and user feedback to critically evaluate prior design decisions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Precedent-based inquiry — systematically analyzes case studies, engineering research, and material science literature to challenge design assumptions and elevate project outcomes above standard practice Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Systemic risk reasoning — identifies second- and third-order consequences of design decisions on long-term building performance, occupant safety, and public welfare before finalizing construction documents Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
5Collaboration9 statements
Emerging
  1. Team drawing integration — incorporates drawing updates from structural and MEP disciplines into own CAD files without introducing coordination conflicts Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Meeting participation — contributes observations and questions in project team meetings while respecting disciplinary expertise of engineering and construction colleagues Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Consultant coordination — works alongside mechanical, electrical, and structural engineers to resolve spatial conflicts and integrate engineering elements into architectural drawings Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Client co-design facilitation — invites and incorporates client input during schematic design workshops, balancing user preferences with technical and regulatory constraints Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Multidisciplinary team integration — leads coordination sessions across architecture, engineering, interior design, and contractor teams to ensure design intent is preserved through construction documentation Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Constructive conflict resolution — navigates disagreements between design intent and engineering feasibility through evidence-based dialogue, achieving solutions that satisfy all disciplines Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Contractor collaboration — partners with general contractors during construction administration to problem-solve field conditions while protecting design integrity O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Collaborative culture building — establishes cross-disciplinary design processes, BIM coordination protocols, and shared decision-making frameworks that improve team performance across the firm's project portfolio Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Community co-design leadership — facilitates inclusive design processes with diverse community stakeholders on civic or public-interest projects, integrating multiple cultural and functional perspectives into final designs Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
6Character9 statements
Emerging
  1. Regulatory compliance commitment — accurately represents code research findings in documentation without omitting requirements that constrain preferred design choices Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Deadline accountability — notifies supervisors proactively when drawing deliverables are at risk rather than concealing scope or quality issues Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Client honesty — communicates accurate cost estimates and realistic construction timelines to clients even when projections conflict with client expectations or budget targets Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Professional ethics adherence — applies AIA Code of Ethics standards to decisions involving conflicts of interest, contractor relationships, and client confidentiality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Public safety stewardship — prioritizes occupant safety and structural integrity in every design decision, refusing to compromise on life-safety systems under cost or schedule pressure Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Accountability in construction administration — documents and reports field deviations from approved drawings accurately and takes corrective action regardless of project relationship pressures Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Transparent design process — maintains honest, well-documented records of design decisions, cost information, and change orders throughout the project lifecycle Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Ethical leadership modeling — establishes and champions firm-wide ethical standards for client relations, contractor dealings, and sustainable design commitments, setting a visible professional example Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Public interest advocacy — assumes personal and professional risk when necessary to advocate for designs that protect public safety, accessibility, and community welfare against commercial or political pressure Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
7Creativity9 statements
Emerging
  1. Conceptual sketching — generates multiple preliminary design concepts in response to a client brief, exploring varied formal and spatial approaches before converging on a direction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Material exploration — proposes alternative material combinations or finish options that satisfy budget constraints while introducing aesthetic distinction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Adaptive reuse design — develops creative design strategies that transform existing structures for new programmatic functions while respecting structural and heritage constraints Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Problem-driven innovation — invents novel spatial configurations or structural solutions in response to atypical site conditions, zoning constraints, or client requirements Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Integrated aesthetic-technical synthesis — produces architectural designs in which structural systems, material assemblies, and spatial sequences are unified into a coherent aesthetic expression Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Technology-enabled creativity — leverages parametric modeling, computational design tools, and BIM to explore design geometries and building performance scenarios beyond conventional drafting methods Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Contextual design invention — generates design responses that creatively interpret site history, climate, culture, and urban context into distinctive yet functional architectural form Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Design innovation leadership — pioneers novel building typologies, construction methods, or programmatic organizations that advance architectural practice and earn peer or critical recognition Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Creative mentorship — cultivates divergent thinking capacity in junior architects through design charrettes, experimental briefs, and critique cultures that reward intellectual risk-taking Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
8Growth Mindset9 statements
Emerging
  1. Code learning persistence — continues studying unfamiliar building codes, accessibility standards, or zoning regulations after initial confusion rather than defaulting to familiar precedents Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Critique receptivity — receives design criticism from senior architects and clients as specific, actionable input and applies it to the next drawing iteration Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Software skill expansion — pursues proficiency in new CAD, BIM, or rendering platforms independently when project requirements exceed current tool competency Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Failed design reflection — analyzes designs that did not advance past schematic phase or received significant client rejection to extract transferable lessons for future projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Regulatory change adaptation — updates design practice and documentation standards promptly when building codes, energy standards, or accessibility requirements are revised Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Constructive performance response — treats post-occupancy performance shortfalls as learning data, revising design strategies and specification standards based on measured outcomes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Interdisciplinary learning — deliberately deepens knowledge in structural engineering, MEP systems, or sustainability science when project complexity demands expanded expertise Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Learning culture leadership — institutionalizes growth mindset practices across the firm through post-project reviews, continuing education requirements, and knowledge-sharing sessions after project completions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Career-long mastery pursuit — continuously challenges own design assumptions by engaging with emerging research, international precedent, and cross-disciplinary innovation well beyond licensure requirements Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
9Mindfulness9 statements
Emerging
  1. Attention management in drafting — maintains sustained focus during complex CAD or BIM documentation tasks, recognizing and redirecting attention when cognitive fatigue produces coordination errors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Client listening presence — gives undivided attention during client consultations, resisting premature design solution formation before the client's full requirements have been expressed Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Design review intentionality — approaches drawing review sessions with deliberate, systematic attention rather than cursory scanning, catching coordination and code conflicts before document issue Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Stress-aware decision-making — recognizes the effect of deadline pressure on design judgment and applies deliberate pause strategies before committing to structural or material decisions under time constraints Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Site observation mindfulness — conducts site visits with full sensory attention to existing conditions, light quality, material texture, and spatial sequence to inform design decisions grounded in physical reality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Emotionally regulated client management — maintains professional composure and measured response during contentious client review meetings or contractor disputes, modeling constructive dialogue Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Intentional design iteration — pauses between drawing phases to consciously evaluate whether design decisions still serve the original design concept and client brief Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Mindful practice leadership — cultivates attentive, reflective work cultures within project teams, establishing review rituals and documentation habits that reduce error rates and improve design coherence across complex multi-building commissions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Present-moment public engagement — brings full, non-reactive presence to community design meetings and public hearings, accurately receiving and integrating stakeholder concerns rather than defending predetermined positions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
10Fortitude9 statements
Emerging
  1. Revision persistence — continues refining design drawings through multiple client change cycles without loss of quality or professional engagement Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Regulatory obstacle navigation — sustains effort to achieve code-compliant design solutions when initial approaches are rejected by permitting authorities Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Budget constraint resilience — redesigns structural or spatial elements when value engineering cuts eliminate preferred systems, maintaining design integrity under resource reduction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Construction problem endurance — persists through extended construction administration challenges including contractor non-compliance, material substitutions, and unforeseen site conditions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Schedule pressure performance — maintains drawing quality, coordination rigor, and ethical standards when compressed project timelines create sustained high-workload conditions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Client conflict endurance — continues advocating for structurally sound, code-compliant, and publicly safe design decisions when facing sustained client pressure to reduce standards for cost savings Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Complex project perseverance — sustains design coherence and technical accuracy across multi-year, multi-phase architectural projects that involve repeated scope changes and stakeholder turbulence Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Adversity modeling — demonstrates visible courage and composure when navigating project crises—such as structural failures, regulatory disputes, or litigation—serving as a stabilizing force for the project team Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Long-arc design advocacy — sustains commitment to public interest design goals and community benefit outcomes across multi-decade careers despite repeated commercial and political resistance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
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Source anchors that ground each statement

Related titles
Architect · Building Architect · Building Consultant · Building Information Modeling Specialist (BIM Specialist) · Commercial Green Building Architect · Commercial Green Building Designer · Commercial Green Retrofit Architect · Design Architect · Facilities Planner · Facility Designer · Green Building Architect · Green Building Design Specialist
RAPIDS apprenticeships
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O*NET skills
Reading ComprehensionOperations AnalysisSpeakingCritical ThinkingActive ListeningWritingComplex Problem SolvingJudgment and Decision MakingMonitoringActive LearningCoordinationMathematicsSystems AnalysisSystems EvaluationLearning StrategiesSocial PerceptivenessPersuasionNegotiationQuality Control AnalysisInstructingTime ManagementManagement of Personnel Resources
Knowledge domains
DesignBuilding and ConstructionPublic Safety and SecurityEngineering and TechnologyComputers and ElectronicsEnglish LanguageAdministration and ManagementCustomer and Personal ServiceLaw and GovernmentMathematicsMechanicalSales and MarketingEconomics and AccountingFine ArtsPhysicsEducation and TrainingProduction and ProcessingPersonnel and Human Resources
Abilities
VisualizationOral ExpressionWritten ExpressionProblem SensitivityDeductive ReasoningInductive ReasoningInformation OrderingCategory FlexibilityOral ComprehensionWritten Comprehension
Work styles
Attention to DetailDependabilityInnovationIntellectual CuriosityAchievement OrientationCautiousness
Technology
Procurement softwareDocument management softwareGraphics or photo imaging softwareDesktop publishing softwareData base user interface and query softwareData base management system softwareDevelopment environment softwareComputer aided design CAD softwareAnalytical or scientific softwareOffice suite software
Tasks · seed anchors for statements
  1. Develop final construction plans that include aesthetic representations of the structure or details for its construction.
  2. Prepare scale drawings or architectural designs, using computer-aided design or other tools.
  3. Prepare information regarding design, structure specifications, materials, color, equipment, estimated costs, or construction time.
  4. Consult with clients to determine functional or spatial requirements of structures.
  5. Meet with clients to review or discuss architectural drawings.
  6. Monitor the work of specialists, such as electrical engineers, mechanical engineers, interior designers, or sound specialists to ensure optimal form or function of designs or final structures.
  7. Integrate engineering elements into unified architectural designs.
  8. Plan layouts of structural architectural projects.
CIP education codes
04.020104.020204.040104.0801

Sources: O*NET v30.2 (CC BY 4.0), SkillsCrosswalk.com, LER.me, Anthropic Economic Index, SAFI (Jadhav & Danve, 2026), WEF Skills Taxonomy 2021, Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework. © 2026 EBSCOed.