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Landscape Architects

SOC 17-1012.00Job Zone 4 · Considerable Preparationv.26.05

Context coveredThis framework covers the full professional practice of Landscape Architects across residential, commercial, institutional, and public-sector contexts — from supervised site analysis and CAD drafting at entry level through autonomous project delivery and organizational leadership at the advanced level.

Sources:O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.SkillsCrosswalkSkillsCrosswalk — O*NET enrichment + adjacency index. Opens in new tab.
Emerging
Entry / Apprentice
  1. Site visit observations — document existing conditions such as soil type, drainage patterns, and vegetation under direct supervision during field inspections.
  2. CAD software and drafting tools — produce basic site plan drawings following established templates and senior architect direction in a studio environment.
  3. Client meeting notes — assist in recording key project requirements and preferences during initial consultations with residential or commercial clients.
  4. Landscape specifications and cost estimate templates — compile preliminary material lists and unit costs under guidance for small-scale land development projects.
  5. Geographic information system (GIS) software — input and query site data to support environmental condition analysis under supervision.
  6. Existing site features and landscaping elements — identify and catalog trees, hardscape, and topographic features on proposed project sites.
  7. Graphics and photo imaging software — prepare basic rendered illustrations of proposed landscape concepts for review by senior staff.
  8. Building and construction knowledge — apply foundational understanding of grading, drainage, and structure placement when reading site plans in a professional office setting.
  9. Design principles and plant biology — select appropriate plant species from approved palettes for climate and soil conditions under mentor review.
  10. Spreadsheet and office suite software — organize project data, schedules, and correspondence to support project teams on active landscape architecture assignments.
Developing
Mid-level / Established
  1. Client and engineering stakeholder meetings — communicate project goals, site constraints, and design options clearly with reduced oversight on mid-scale commercial or institutional projects.
  2. Site analysis data including drainage, soil conditions, and structure locations — synthesize findings into coherent sections of environmental reports for land development proposals.
  3. Landscape construction inspections — evaluate material quality and workmanship against project specifications during site visits and provide written compliance documentation.
  4. Site plans, grading drawings, and planting plans — prepare complete construction document sets for routine residential and small commercial landscape projects.
  5. Existing land features and natural systems — integrate topography, native vegetation, and water management infrastructure into cohesive design schemes with limited direction.
  6. CAD and desktop publishing software — produce professional-grade graphic presentations and specification sheets for client review meetings.
  7. GIS and database tools — analyze spatial and environmental datasets to inform site selection and regulatory compliance assessments independently.
  8. Cost estimates and project schedules — develop accurate budget projections and phasing plans for landscape projects in the $250K–$1M range.
  9. Collaboration with architects and civil engineers — coordinate design intent across disciplines to resolve site-structure conflicts on mixed-use development projects.
  10. Critical thinking and systems analysis — evaluate alternative design solutions against performance, aesthetic, and regulatory criteria to recommend preferred approaches to project managers.
Proficient
Senior / Expert IC
  1. Multi-stakeholder project conferences — lead consultations with clients, engineers, and architects to establish design direction and resolve competing requirements on complex land development projects.
  2. Comprehensive site analysis reports — independently synthesize environmental, geotechnical, and regulatory data to produce actionable findings that drive landscape design decisions.
  3. Full construction administration — manage landscape inspections, contractor communications, and punch-list resolution across large-scale or phased construction projects without supervisory review.
  4. Complete site plans and specifications — author detailed construction documents including grading, drainage, planting, and hardscape plans for complex institutional or public-sector projects.
  5. Integrated sustainable design — incorporate existing landforms, ecological corridors, and stormwater management systems into high-performance landscape solutions that meet LEED or equivalent standards.
  6. Whole-building design collaboration — partner with architects and MEP engineers to optimize building envelope orientation, green roofs, and exterior spaces for energy efficiency and user experience.
  7. Advanced visualization and rendering — direct the production of compelling graphic representations including 3D models and fly-through animations to communicate design intent to diverse audiences.
  8. Regulatory and public safety compliance — navigate zoning codes, ADA requirements, and environmental permitting processes autonomously for projects across multiple jurisdictions.
  9. Project financial management — develop, monitor, and reconcile detailed cost estimates and fee proposals throughout the full project lifecycle on engagements exceeding $1M in construction value.
  10. Judgment and decision making under uncertainty — resolve non-routine site conditions, unforeseen subsurface conflicts, or regulatory changes with well-reasoned design responses during construction.
Advanced
Lead / Principal / Executive
  1. Firm-wide design standards and methodology — establish and codify landscape architecture practice standards, QA protocols, and documentation frameworks adopted across all studios and project types.
  2. Strategic client relationships — cultivate long-term partnerships with public agencies, developers, and institutional clients at the organizational level, securing multi-year program agreements.
  3. Cross-disciplinary project leadership — direct integrated design teams of architects, engineers, planners, and ecologists on landmark or complex public infrastructure projects from inception through occupancy.
  4. Organizational technology strategy — evaluate, select, and champion adoption of emerging tools including parametric design software, GIS platforms, and BIM workflows to advance firm capabilities.
  5. Mentorship and professional development — design and lead structured training programs that develop emerging and developing landscape architects toward licensure and professional independence.
  6. Policy and regulatory influence — represent the profession before municipal planning boards, legislative committees, or industry bodies to shape land use, environmental, and design standards.
  7. Thought leadership and innovation — direct applied research initiatives or publish findings on sustainable landscape systems, climate adaptation, or urban ecology that advance the state of the practice.
  8. Master planning and portfolio-scale design — lead the visioning, stakeholder engagement, and phased implementation strategy for large campus, regional open space, or urban district projects.
  9. Business development and market positioning — define service offerings, geographic markets, and strategic partnerships that drive sustained firm growth in the landscape architecture sector.
  10. Ethical and risk governance — establish organizational frameworks for project risk assessment, professional liability management, and ethical practice consistent with ASLA standards and licensure obligations.

AI-at-Work Competency Framework

Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Authoritative source data identified for 998 occupations

How a worker at each mastery level uses, directs, and evaluates AI tools in this occupation. Each statement cites its evidence inline; click a citation chip to verify the source.

Emerging
  1. AI-generated site analysis summaries — uses LLM tools to extract key environmental conditions (drainage, slope, soil data) from technical reports, cross-checking outputs against source documents before incorporating them into preliminary landscaping plans Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
Developing
  1. Specification drafting acceleration — delegates first-draft preparation of site plans, planting schedules, and cost estimate narratives to an AI assistant, then reviews and corrects outputs against local codes and client requirements Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Environmental data synthesis — directs AI tools to aggregate and organize multi-source site data (location, structure placement, drainage patterns) into structured summaries that feed directly into environmental compliance reports Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
Proficient
  1. Client communication scaffolding — uses AI to generate structured talking-point outlines and meeting summaries for conferences with clients, engineers, and architects, retaining personal authorship of design rationale and site-specific recommendations Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  2. Design iteration support — feeds site constraints and existing landscape features into AI tools to rapidly generate alternative integration scenarios, then applies professional judgment to select and refine concepts that meet regulatory and aesthetic standards Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  3. Construction compliance documentation — leverages AI to draft inspection checklists and quality-assurance narratives aligned with project specifications, verifying all outputs through direct field observation before issuing guidance to construction personnel Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
Advanced
  1. Complex problem decomposition — orchestrates AI-assisted computational analysis of multi-variable site conditions (hydrology, ecology, zoning overlays) to support land development decisions, directing the AI through sequential reasoning steps while retaining full evaluative authority over design conclusions Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  2. Workflow time optimization — structures project pipelines so that AI handles high-volume data processing and document generation tasks, recapturing substantive professional hours for client coordination and creative design work where measured time savings reach the highest impact Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  3. AI output governance — establishes office-level standards for reviewing, auditing, and correcting AI-generated site plans and specifications, ensuring that automation-feasibility limits of core speaking and negotiation competencies are respected and human professional accountability is preserved Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
Evidence pack
AEI usage
Task observations: 89
Augment share: 8.9%
Time saved: 73.8%
AI autonomy: 3.73
SAFI positioning
Top skill: Speaking
Score: 48.5 / 100
Quadrant: Q2_ai_augmented
precision: exact
WEF cluster
Computational Thinking
computational_thinking
Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.

Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework

Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Ten durable-skill domains mapped to four proficiency/role levels for each occupation. Each statement is aligned to the Pathsmith taxonomy, derived from trusted grounding data and mapped to occupation-specific O*NET tasks and skills.

1Communication10 statements
Emerging
  1. Client intake notes — records site preferences and project goals through structured conversation during initial consultations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Technical vocabulary — uses basic landscape architecture terminology when describing design concepts to supervisors or colleagues Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Design presentation — explains proposed site plans and planting schemes to clients using graphic representations and plain language Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cross-discipline correspondence — communicates design intent in writing to engineers and architects during collaborative project phases O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Regulatory documentation — drafts clear written specifications for land development submissions and permit applications O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Client conference facilitation — leads structured project meetings with clients, engineering personnel, and architects to align expectations and resolve site challenges Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Construction field communication — conveys compliance requirements and quality standards verbally to construction personnel during site inspections O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Environmental report writing — translates complex site analysis data on drainage, soil conditions, and topography into clear written environmental reports for diverse audiences Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Stakeholder narrative leadership — crafts and delivers compelling landscape design narratives to public agencies, community groups, and executive clients that build consensus around complex land use proposals Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Interdisciplinary communication strategy — establishes communication protocols across architecture, engineering, and construction teams to maintain design integrity throughout project lifecycle Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
2Leadership9 statements
Emerging
  1. Task ownership — takes initiative on assigned site survey tasks and delivers findings without requiring direct supervision Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Junior team support — assists senior landscape architects in coordinating field inspection logistics and material review tasks Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Project phase leadership — directs the development of site plans and cost estimates for defined project phases, coordinating inputs from surveyors and engineers Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Client relationship stewardship — takes accountability for maintaining client satisfaction across the design and construction observation phases of landscape projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Design team direction — guides interdisciplinary project teams of architects, engineers, and contractors toward unified landscape design outcomes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Construction oversight authority — exercises professional judgment to approve or reject materials and workmanship during landscape construction inspections O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Mentorship of emerging designers — coaches junior landscape architects on site analysis methods, design integration principles, and client conferencing skills Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Firm-level design leadership — sets the strategic direction for landscape architecture practice standards, project typologies, and design excellence across a portfolio of projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Community and regulatory influence — leads engagement with municipal planning bodies and environmental agencies to shape land development policy informed by landscape architecture expertise Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
3Metacognition8 statements
Emerging
  1. Design process self-monitoring — identifies gaps in personal knowledge of site analysis or drafting tools and seeks targeted resources to address them Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Feedback integration — reflects on critique from senior architects after design reviews and adjusts approach to graphic representation or specification writing Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Site analysis strategy awareness — evaluates which data collection and analysis methods are most effective for given site conditions before beginning landscape assessments Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Learning plan development — creates personal development goals tied to emerging tools such as GIS, BIM, or sustainable design rating systems relevant to landscape practice Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Design decision auditing — reviews completed projects to identify where site integration decisions succeeded or fell short of environmental and aesthetic goals, applying lessons to subsequent work Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cognitive load management — structures complex multi-site projects by segmenting analysis, design, and documentation tasks to maintain accuracy across simultaneous deliverables Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Reflective practice modeling — facilitates post-project reviews with project teams that surface systemic process improvements and build collective metacognitive capacity across the firm Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Knowledge gap foresight — anticipates emerging regulatory, ecological, or technological knowledge requirements in landscape architecture and proactively develops expertise before project demand arises Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
4Critical Thinking9 statements
Emerging
  1. Site constraint identification — recognizes basic site limitations such as poor drainage, slope instability, or utility conflicts during initial field inspections Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Specification comparison — evaluates differences between proposed material specifications and project requirements by applying standard industry criteria O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Environmental data analysis — interprets soil condition reports, topographic surveys, and drainage data to identify design constraints and opportunities for landscape plans Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Design alternative evaluation — assesses multiple landscape design solutions against site conditions, client requirements, and regulatory constraints before recommending an approach Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Integrated site systems analysis — evaluates the interaction of hydrology, vegetation, soils, and built structures to produce landscape plans that perform ecologically and functionally Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Compliance judgment — determines whether landscape work meets design specifications and environmental standards through systematic inspection and evidence-based assessment Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Cost-benefit reasoning — analyzes trade-offs between design quality, material costs, long-term maintenance, and client budget constraints when preparing cost estimates for land development O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Complex problem decomposition — breaks down large-scale, multi-stakeholder land development challenges into analyzable components and synthesizes findings into defensible design recommendations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Assumption challenging — identifies and interrogates underlying assumptions in client briefs, engineering proposals, and site assessments to prevent downstream design failures Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
5Collaboration9 statements
Emerging
  1. Team contribution — provides accurate site observation notes and preliminary drawings that support the broader project team's workflow Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cross-discipline awareness — recognizes the roles and constraints of architects, civil engineers, and contractors within a shared project environment Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Design coordination — aligns landscape grading, planting, and hardscape designs with architectural and structural drawings through regular coordination meetings Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Contractor relationship management — works constructively with construction personnel during site inspections to resolve specification compliance issues without disrupting project schedules O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Whole-building design integration — collaborates with architects and engineers on integrated project delivery to maximize aesthetic, energy efficiency, and ecological performance of structures and surrounding land Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Client-consultant team navigation — manages competing priorities among clients, regulatory reviewers, and technical consultants to maintain project momentum and design integrity Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Conflict de-escalation — mediates disagreements between design team members and construction personnel over site plan interpretation or material substitutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Consortium project leadership — orchestrates collaboration among multiple firms, public agencies, and community stakeholders on large-scale landscape and land development projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Collaborative framework design — develops teaming structures and information-sharing protocols that improve coordination efficiency across architecture, engineering, and landscape disciplines on complex projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
6Character9 statements
Emerging
  1. Professional honesty — accurately reports site observations and design limitations to supervisors without minimizing problems to avoid conflict Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Ethical awareness — recognizes the professional and environmental responsibilities embedded in landscape architecture licensure and practice standards Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Accountability in documentation — takes responsibility for accuracy in site plans, specifications, and cost estimates submitted under professional review Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Client trust maintenance — discloses conflicts between client preferences and regulatory requirements or environmental best practices in an honest and timely manner Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Environmental stewardship — consistently integrates ecological integrity and long-term sustainability principles into design decisions even when they conflict with short-term client cost preferences Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Inspection integrity — provides unbiased compliance assessments during landscape construction inspections, documenting deficiencies without pressure to minimize findings Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Professional conduct modeling — demonstrates respectful, equitable behavior in all interactions with clients, contractors, community members, and colleagues across cultural and professional backgrounds Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Ethical leadership in practice — establishes and upholds firm-wide standards of professional integrity in design documentation, client representation, and environmental reporting Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Public interest advocacy — champions community and ecological interests in land development decisions, ensuring professional responsibilities to public welfare are prioritized alongside client goals Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
7Creativity9 statements
Emerging
  1. Design concept sketching — generates multiple preliminary graphic representations of landscape concepts to explore spatial and aesthetic possibilities before committing to a single approach Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Existing feature reinterpretation — proposes ways to repurpose or highlight existing vegetation, landforms, or water features within initial design concepts O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Site-responsive design — develops landscape plans that creatively integrate existing structural, topographic, and ecological site elements into original design solutions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Materials experimentation — explores non-standard planting palettes, paving materials, or green infrastructure techniques to achieve distinctive and functional landscape outcomes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Aesthetic-functional synthesis — creates landscape designs that simultaneously resolve complex engineering constraints and deliver compelling spatial experiences for users Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cross-typology design transfer — applies design principles from one landscape typology such as urban plazas to novel project types such as therapeutic gardens or stormwater parks Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Visual communication innovation — develops presentation graphics and construction drawings that communicate spatial and material intent with clarity and persuasive impact O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Paradigm-shifting design — proposes and realizes landscape solutions that redefine project typologies, influence regional design practice, or earn recognition for ecological and aesthetic innovation Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Creative problem leadership — establishes a project culture where design exploration is systematically encouraged and divergent site analysis leads to transformative land development outcomes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
8Growth Mindset8 statements
Emerging
  1. Technical skill development — pursues learning in CAD, GIS, or sustainable design systems outside of assigned project work to expand design production capabilities Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Critique receptivity — responds to design review feedback by revising site plans without defensiveness and articulating what was learned from the correction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Regulatory learning agility — updates knowledge of zoning codes, stormwater regulations, and environmental compliance requirements as they evolve and applies them to current project work Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Project setback recovery — reframes client scope changes or site constraint discoveries as design opportunities rather than obstacles and adjusts plans constructively Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Continuing education commitment — pursues professional development in emerging areas such as climate-adaptive design, ecological restoration, or parametric design tools to advance practice quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Iterative design culture — embraces successive rounds of client feedback and site re-analysis as integral to producing high-quality landscape architecture rather than as signs of initial failure Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Practice evolution leadership — drives firm adoption of new design methodologies, sustainability frameworks, or technology platforms by demonstrating their value through pilot projects and mentored implementation Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Failure analysis institutionalization — creates structured post-construction review processes that extract learning from design or construction failures and distribute insights across project teams Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
9Mindfulness9 statements
Emerging
  1. Site presence — sustains focused observation during field inspections, noting soil conditions, drainage patterns, and structural elements without distraction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Deadline awareness — monitors personal workload and project timelines with intentionality, flagging capacity constraints before they compromise deliverable quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Attentive client listening — maintains full attention during client conferences to accurately capture unstated preferences, concerns, and priorities that inform design decisions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Emotion regulation under critique — manages frustration or disappointment during client or peer design reviews to sustain productive professional dialogue Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Deliberate design review — pauses before finalizing site plans and specifications to systematically check alignment between design intent, site analysis data, and regulatory requirements Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Stakeholder presence management — remains fully attentive during multi-party project meetings involving engineers, contractors, and clients to detect conflicting assumptions before they escalate Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Stress response management — maintains design judgment quality under pressure from compressed project schedules or conflicting client and regulatory demands Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Intentional practice leadership — models and promotes mindful professional habits across project teams including deliberate documentation, thoughtful decision pacing, and reflective site observation Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Systemic attention design — structures project workflows and team check-in rhythms that build collective attentiveness to ecological, aesthetic, and compliance details across the full design and construction lifecycle Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
10Fortitude9 statements
Emerging
  1. Persistence through iteration — continues revising landscape drawings and specifications after repeated correction cycles without disengaging from quality standards Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Ambiguity tolerance — proceeds with preliminary site analysis and concept development when full site data is unavailable, making reasoned assumptions explicit Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Regulatory obstacle navigation — sustains project momentum when permit denials or agency feedback require significant redesign of landscape plans Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Difficult site condition perseverance — continues developing viable design solutions for sites with severely constrained soil, drainage, or structural conditions rather than defaulting to minimal treatments Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Project adversity management — maintains professional composure and design focus when projects face budget cuts, construction disputes, or client scope changes that threaten design quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Long-duration project commitment — sustains rigorous engagement across multi-year land development projects through design, permitting, construction, and post-occupancy phases without loss of quality or accountability Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Courageous design advocacy — defends ecologically or functionally superior design solutions against client or contractor pushback when substitutions would compromise project performance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Organizational resilience building — prepares project teams and practice systems to absorb and recover from major disruptions such as regulatory changes, economic downturns, or climate-driven site emergencies Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Sustained public interest courage — persists in advocating for environmentally responsible or community-serving design outcomes in the face of political, financial, or client resistance across high-stakes land development projects Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
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Source anchors that ground each statement

Related titles
AP BD+C (Accredited Professional in Building Design and Construction) · Environmental Designer · Environmental Planner · Exterior Designer · Golf Course Architect · Golf Course Designer · Indoor Landscape Architect · Land Planner · Landscape Architect · Landscape Architect Project Manager · Landscape Architectural Designer · Landscape Design Assistant
RAPIDS apprenticeships
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O*NET skills
SpeakingReading ComprehensionActive ListeningCritical ThinkingComplex Problem SolvingCoordinationOperations AnalysisJudgment and Decision MakingSocial PerceptivenessWritingTime ManagementActive LearningService OrientationMathematicsSystems AnalysisSystems EvaluationMonitoringPersuasionNegotiationManagement of Personnel ResourcesInstructing
Knowledge domains
DesignBuilding and ConstructionGeographyEngineering and TechnologyEnglish LanguageCustomer and Personal ServiceComputers and ElectronicsPublic Safety and SecurityBiologyAdministration and ManagementLaw and GovernmentMathematicsTransportation
Abilities
Oral ComprehensionOral ExpressionVisualizationWritten ComprehensionOriginalityWritten ExpressionFluency of IdeasDeductive ReasoningInductive ReasoningCategory Flexibility
Work styles
InnovationAttention to DetailDependabilityIntellectual CuriosityAchievement OrientationPerseverance
Technology
Document management softwareGraphics or photo imaging softwareDesktop publishing softwareVideo creation and editing softwareComputer aided design CAD softwareGeographic information systemData base user interface and query softwareSpreadsheet softwareOffice suite softwareElectronic mail software
Tasks · seed anchors for statements
  1. Confer with clients, engineering personnel, or architects on landscape projects.
  2. Analyze data on conditions such as site location, drainage, or structure location for environmental reports or landscaping plans.
  3. Inspect landscape work to ensure compliance with specifications, evaluate quality of materials or work, or advise clients or construction personnel.
  4. Prepare site plans, specifications, or cost estimates for land development.
  5. Integrate existing land features or landscaping into designs.
  6. Collaborate with architects or related professionals on whole building design to maximize the aesthetic features of structures or surrounding land and to improve energy efficiency.
  7. Prepare graphic representations or drawings of proposed plans or designs.
  8. Inspect proposed sites to identify structural elements of land areas or other important site information, such as soil condition, existing landscaping, or the proximity of water management facilities.
CIP education codes
04.040104.0601

Sources: O*NET v30.2 (CC BY 4.0), SkillsCrosswalk.com, LER.me, Anthropic Economic Index, SAFI (Jadhav & Danve, 2026), WEF Skills Taxonomy 2021, Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework. © 2026 EBSCOed.