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Billing and Posting Clerks

SOC 43-3021.00Job Zone 3 · Medium Preparationv.26.05

Context coveredThis framework covers billing and posting clerk competencies in office and administrative support environments across financial services, healthcare, and commercial industries, from supervised data entry and invoice preparation through autonomous account management and departmental leadership.

Sources:O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.SkillsCrosswalkSkillsCrosswalk — O*NET enrichment + adjacency index. Opens in new tab.
Emerging
Entry / Apprentice
  1. Billing data fields — verify for accuracy and flag obvious errors under direct supervisor guidance in a standard office billing environment.
  2. Itemized invoices and statements — prepare basic drafts using billing software templates with close oversight in a clerical support role.
  3. Invoice records and support documents — file and organize according to established office procedures under direct instruction.
  4. Adding and calculating machines or billing software — operate for routine data entry tasks under supervision in an administrative office setting.
  5. Check signatures and required information — verify against standard checklists under direct guidance in a financial processing environment.
  6. Accounting software entry screens — navigate and input posting data following step-by-step procedures provided by a senior clerk.
  7. Amounts due for items purchased or services rendered — record accurately into designated ledger fields using provided source documents.
  8. Simple arithmetic and unit pricing — apply to confirm totals on customer bills in a structured, low-complexity billing workflow.
  9. Written billing instructions and procedural manuals — read and interpret to complete assigned tasks in a supervised office setting.
  10. Basic customer account information — look up and retrieve using database query software under the direction of a team lead.
Developing
Mid-level / Established
  1. Billing data discrepancies — identify, investigate, and correct within accounting records with minimal oversight in a mid-volume billing department.
  2. Itemized statements, bills, and invoices — prepare completely and accurately for routine client accounts using billing and invoicing software independently.
  3. Stop-payment notices — post promptly to accounting systems to prevent payment of protested checks in accordance with departmental policy.
  4. Invoice and support document records — maintain organized, up-to-date files using document management software within established retention schedules.
  5. Bookkeeping entries for costs of goods, services, or shipments — post consistently and accurately across multiple accounts in a standard office cycle.
  6. Check verification procedures — execute independently, confirming signatures and required fields against account records in a financial services environment.
  7. Accounting and billing software tools — use proficiently to process moderate volumes of transactions with reduced supervisory review.
  8. Billing errors reported by customers or colleagues — resolve through systematic review of source documents and account histories in a timely manner.
  9. Time-sensitive billing cycles — manage personal workload and prioritize tasks to meet payment deadlines in a busy administrative office.
  10. Basic billing inquiries from internal staff — respond clearly and accurately using departmental knowledge and CRM software records.
Proficient
Senior / Expert IC
  1. Complex billing discrepancies across multiple accounts — investigate root causes and resolve autonomously using financial analysis and accounting software in a high-volume office.
  2. Non-routine invoicing scenarios, including partial payments and adjustments — handle independently, applying critical thinking to produce accurate itemized statements.
  3. Posting workflows for costs of goods, services, and shipments — perform across the full billing cycle with no direct oversight, ensuring ledger integrity.
  4. Stop-payment and check verification processes — oversee end-to-end, identifying procedural gaps and recommending improvements in a financial operations environment.
  5. Billing data accuracy across diverse customer accounts — audit systematically, applying problem sensitivity to detect patterns of recurring errors.
  6. Document management systems and database query tools — leverage advanced features to retrieve, cross-reference, and validate records for complex billing cases.
  7. Written billing reports and account summaries — compose clearly and precisely for management review using strong written expression skills.
  8. Escalated customer billing disputes — resolve through thorough account analysis and professional verbal communication in a customer-facing service context.
  9. Billing compliance with regulatory and contractual requirements — evaluate and confirm across all processed transactions in an industry-regulated environment.
  10. Cross-functional billing issues involving multiple departments — coordinate resolution independently, communicating findings to accounting and operations teams.
Advanced
Lead / Principal / Executive
  1. Organizational billing policies and procedures — develop, document, and implement across the department to ensure consistency and regulatory compliance.
  2. Billing and invoicing software systems — evaluate, select, and lead deployment of upgrades or replacements to improve departmental efficiency at scale.
  3. Junior and mid-level billing clerks — mentor, coach, and assess performance to build a high-accuracy, high-reliability billing team.
  4. Departmental billing accuracy metrics and error-rate targets — establish, monitor, and report to senior leadership as key performance indicators.
  5. Enterprise-wide discrepancy trends in accounting records — analyze using financial analysis tools and present data-driven corrective strategies to management.
  6. Cross-departmental billing workflows connecting accounting, sales, and operations — design and optimize to reduce cycle times and improve cash-flow outcomes.
  7. Audit readiness for billing and posting records — lead preparation efforts, ensuring all documentation meets internal and external compliance standards.
  8. Training curricula for billing processes and software tools — design and deliver for new hires and continuing staff development in an administrative office context.
  9. Vendor and client escalations involving disputed billing terms — negotiate and resolve at an organizational level, preserving business relationships and financial accuracy.
  10. Strategic improvements to billing department capacity and technology adoption — champion and drive at the executive support level, aligning resources with organizational financial goals.

AI-at-Work Competency Framework

Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Authoritative source data identified for 998 occupations

How a worker at each mastery level uses, directs, and evaluates AI tools in this occupation. Each statement cites its evidence inline; click a citation chip to verify the source.

Emerging
  1. AI-assisted data entry — accepts AI-generated invoice line items and billing totals as a starting point, then manually cross-checks each figure against source documents before posting Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  2. Basic error flagging — uses an AI tool to highlight suspected mismatches in billing records, escalating unresolved discrepancies to a senior clerk for review Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Developing
  1. Discrepancy resolution support — delegates self-contained reconciliation queries (e.g., unmatched payment amounts) to an AI assistant, then verifies the proposed correction against ledger entries before finalizing Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Itemized statement drafting — directs an AI tool to populate invoice templates from structured transaction data, reviewing every line for accuracy and regulatory compliance before issuing to clients Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  3. Stop-payment workflow — uses AI-generated summaries of protested-check histories to prioritize which notices require immediate posting, retaining final judgment on each case WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
Proficient
  1. High-volume billing pipeline — orchestrates AI assistance across the full invoice lifecycle — data extraction, calculation, and formatting — capturing the substantial time savings the collaboration pattern affords while owning all accuracy sign-offs Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab..
  2. Reading-comprehension-anchored review — applies professional judgment to interpret ambiguous contract terms, payment schedules, and remittance instructions that fall within the moderate automation boundary of the occupation's core skill, where AI outputs require critical human validation Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  3. Monitoring and exception triage — configures AI alerts to surface out-of-tolerance billing variances in real time, then applies critical thinking to distinguish genuine errors from acceptable rounding or timing differences Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  4. Audit-ready documentation — directs an AI tool to compile transaction logs and revision histories into formatted audit trails, then reviews the output for completeness and accuracy before submission.
Advanced
  1. End-to-end process redesign — architects the team's human-AI billing workflow, assigning routine calculation and template-generation tasks to AI tools while reserving discrepancy arbitration, client communication, and compliance judgment for human clerks, reflecting the occupation's Q2 augmented positioning Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  2. AI output governance — establishes and enforces quality-control checkpoints that measure where AI autonomy is appropriate versus where human review is mandatory, calibrating standards against observed collaboration patterns and error-rate data Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab. Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  3. Mentored upskilling — coaches junior clerks in effective AI prompt construction for billing tasks and trains them to critically evaluate AI-generated figures, building team-wide competency in human-technology interaction WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
Evidence pack
AEI usage
Task observations: 1242
Augment share: 95%
Time saved: 86.5%
AI autonomy: 2.88
SAFI positioning
Top skill: Reading Comprehension
Score: 45.5 / 100
Quadrant: Q2_ai_augmented
precision: exact
WEF cluster
Human-Technology Interaction
human_technology_interaction
Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.

Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework

Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Ten durable-skill domains mapped to four proficiency/role levels for each occupation. Each statement is aligned to the Pathsmith taxonomy, derived from trusted grounding data and mapped to occupation-specific O*NET tasks and skills.

1Communication7 statements
Emerging
  1. Billing inquiry response — communicates basic account balance information to customers using standard templates and supervised guidance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Invoice terminology explanation — uses plain language to describe line-item charges to customers unfamiliar with billing codes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Discrepancy notification — drafts written correspondence to vendors or clients explaining identified billing errors and requested corrections with increasing independence Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Internal escalation communication — conveys unresolved account discrepancies to supervisors using clear, organized verbal summaries and supporting documentation Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Itemized statement narration — prepares and explains detailed invoices and billing statements to clients across service lines, adjusting language to audience comprehension level Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Billing communication standards development — authors internal style guides and templates for invoice correspondence, dispute letters, and payment notification language used across the billing team Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Stakeholder financial briefing — presents billing cycle summaries, error-rate trends, and reconciliation outcomes to management audiences with clarity and confidence Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
2Leadership8 statements
Emerging
  1. Peer process observation — shadows senior billing clerks during reconciliation tasks and asks clarifying questions to understand posting workflows Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Task ownership initiation — takes personal responsibility for assigned invoice batches without requiring reminders from supervisors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. New clerk onboarding support — assists in orienting newly hired billing clerks to data entry systems, coding conventions, and verification routines Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Workflow gap identification — proactively identifies recurring posting errors in the team's process and surfaces improvement suggestions to team leads Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Billing queue management — organizes and prioritizes invoice processing workload for self and peers during high-volume periods, ensuring deadlines are met Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Discrepancy resolution ownership — takes initiative to fully investigate and resolve complex accounting record discrepancies without deferring to supervisors for routine cases Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Billing process mentorship — coaches junior clerks on error identification techniques, verification standards, and efficient posting practices, accelerating their skill development Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Continuous improvement leadership — leads team-level reviews of billing error trends, proposes procedural changes, and drives adoption of revised workflows across the billing unit Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
3Metacognition8 statements
Emerging
  1. Error self-detection — reviews own posted entries before submission and identifies common personal mistakes in data transcription Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Learning gap recognition — identifies specific billing codes or account types that require additional study and seeks out reference materials independently Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Verification strategy adjustment — reflects on which invoice-checking sequences catch the most errors and consciously adjusts personal review approach based on that analysis Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Time estimation calibration — tracks personal processing speed across invoice types to set realistic self-imposed deadlines for batch completion Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Accuracy pattern monitoring — maintains awareness of own error frequency by category, uses this self-knowledge to apply extra scrutiny to personally error-prone transaction types Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cognitive load management — recognizes when fatigue or complexity is degrading data-entry accuracy and applies deliberate self-correction strategies such as structured breaks or double-check routines Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Metacognitive coaching of peers — teaches other billing clerks to monitor their own verification habits and build self-correcting practices into daily posting routines Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Process learning synthesis — systematically reflects on lessons learned from resolved discrepancies and translates personal insights into documented best practices shared with the billing team Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
4Critical Thinking9 statements
Emerging
  1. Billing data cross-check — compares invoice totals against source documents to flag obvious numerical mismatches during supervised verification tasks Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Assumption questioning — asks clarifying questions before posting ambiguous charges rather than defaulting to assumed account codes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Discrepancy root-cause identification — distinguishes between data-entry errors, system glitches, and source-document inaccuracies when investigating billing record inconsistencies Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Check verification analysis — evaluates signatures, dates, and account details on checks to identify irregularities warranting stop-payment action Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Multi-source reconciliation — cross-references invoices, purchase orders, receipts, and payment records to resolve complex accounting discrepancies with sound evidential reasoning Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Billing logic evaluation — assesses whether itemized charges are consistent with contracted service rates, quantity records, and applicable tax codes before finalizing statements Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Fraud indicator recognition — critically evaluates unusual patterns in billing submissions, duplicate invoice numbers, or inconsistent payee information as potential indicators of error or fraud Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Systemic error analysis — evaluates billing error data across time periods to identify systemic causes, distinguish outliers from trends, and recommend targeted procedural corrections Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Judgment standard development — establishes team-level decision criteria for escalating versus independently resolving billing discrepancies, codifying critical thinking standards for junior clerks Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
5Collaboration9 statements
Emerging
  1. Accounts payable coordination — shares billing support documents with accounting colleagues accurately and on schedule as part of routine posting workflows Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Team data sharing — contributes verified invoice records to shared tracking systems in formats accessible to all team members Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Cross-functional discrepancy resolution — works collaboratively with purchasing, shipping, and accounting departments to gather evidence needed to correct billing record errors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Peer accuracy support — provides constructive input when reviewing a colleague's billing batch for errors before final posting Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Collections and billing coordination — collaborates with collections staff to align outstanding invoice records with payment posting data, ensuring consistent account status across systems Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Customer service co-resolution — partners with customer service representatives to jointly address complex billing disputes requiring both account knowledge and client-facing communication Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Audit preparation collaboration — works with accounting and compliance teams to organize billing records, support documents, and reconciliation reports for internal or external audit processes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Inter-departmental process alignment — facilitates working sessions between billing, finance, and operations teams to standardize invoice coding conventions and reduce cross-departmental posting errors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Team knowledge-sharing culture — builds collaborative norms within the billing unit by modeling transparent communication about errors and solutions, reducing blame-avoidance behavior Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
6Character8 statements
Emerging
  1. Data entry integrity — enters billing figures accurately without rounding or approximating, even when under time pressure and without direct supervision Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Confidentiality awareness — handles customer account information and payment records with discretion and in accordance with organizational privacy policies Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Error ownership — acknowledges and reports self-identified posting errors promptly rather than concealing or deferring correction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Procedural adherence — follows verification and approval workflows for check processing and invoice posting consistently, without taking unauthorized shortcuts Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Financial record stewardship — maintains invoice support documentation and posting logs with full accuracy and completeness, understanding the downstream legal and financial implications of billing records Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Ethical billing practice — declines to post charges that lack proper authorization or supporting documentation, escalating concerns through appropriate channels regardless of pressure to process quickly Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Integrity standard modeling — demonstrates and articulates ethical billing standards in daily conduct, establishing personal credibility that peers and supervisors rely on for sensitive account reviews Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Accountability culture reinforcement — addresses billing errors within the team constructively and without blame-shifting, reinforcing a culture of professional accountability Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
7Creativity8 statements
Emerging
  1. Alternative lookup approach — experiments with different search strategies in billing databases when standard queries fail to locate a customer account or invoice record Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Format adaptation — adjusts invoice presentation format when a standard template does not accommodate an unusual billing arrangement Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Discrepancy investigation improvisation — develops non-standard investigative sequences when typical reconciliation steps fail to identify the source of an accounting error Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Workflow shortcut development — designs personal productivity techniques within approved system parameters to reduce repetitive data-entry steps without sacrificing accuracy Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Custom reporting design — constructs non-standard billing summary reports that surface insights about error rates, payment timing, or account trends beyond standard system outputs Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Client-specific billing solution — creates adapted invoicing structures for clients with non-standard service agreements, ensuring accurate representation of unique charge configurations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Process innovation proposal — designs novel billing verification workflows or automation-assisted checking routines that reduce error rates and are adopted as standard practice by the team Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. System utilization reimagining — identifies underutilized features in billing or accounting software and develops creative applications that improve team efficiency or reporting capability Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
8Growth Mindset8 statements
Emerging
  1. Error-based learning — treats corrected billing mistakes as learning opportunities rather than sources of discouragement, incorporating feedback into next posting session Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Skill expansion willingness — volunteers to learn unfamiliar billing codes, new account types, or updated software modules when opportunities arise Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Feedback integration — incorporates supervisor corrections to invoice verification techniques into daily practice within one billing cycle Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Complexity challenge acceptance — accepts assignment of more complex reconciliation tasks as skill-development opportunities rather than avoiding them Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Software adaptation — masters updated billing system interfaces or newly implemented accounting software with minimal resistance, transferring existing knowledge to new platforms quickly Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Regulation change assimilation — absorbs and applies changes in billing codes, tax requirements, or compliance standards by actively seeking out training and reference resources Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Learning culture cultivation — encourages billing team members to view error-rate reviews and audit findings as team learning events, normalizing continuous improvement Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Cross-functional skill building — pursues knowledge in adjacent areas such as accounts receivable, payroll, or procurement to broaden professional value and improve billing accuracy across transaction types Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
9Mindfulness8 statements
Emerging
  1. Sustained attention maintenance — applies focused concentration during repetitive data-entry tasks to prevent transcription errors caused by attention drift Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Interruption recovery — returns to the correct position in an invoice batch after an interruption without re-entering data or losing verification progress Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Stress-state recognition — notices personal signs of frustration or overwhelm during high-volume billing periods and applies brief regulation strategies before resuming critical verification work Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Intentional pacing — deliberately moderates processing speed during complex reconciliation tasks, prioritizing accuracy over volume completion Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. High-stakes transaction presence — brings heightened attentional awareness to large-dollar invoices, check verifications, and stop-payment postings where errors carry significant financial consequences Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Customer interaction composure — maintains calm and regulated emotional state during tense billing dispute calls, preventing personal reactivity from compromising the quality of information exchanged Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Attentional environment design — proactively structures the billing workspace and schedule to protect concentration during error-sensitive tasks, and models these practices for the team Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Mindful quality culture — introduces mindfulness-based accuracy practices such as end-of-batch pause-and-review routines to the team, improving collective posting quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
10Fortitude9 statements
Emerging
  1. High-volume persistence — sustains consistent data-entry accuracy through end-of-month invoice surges without abandoning verification steps under time pressure Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Audit anxiety management — continues posting and reconciliation work during audit periods without allowing anxiety about scrutiny to disrupt daily output quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Repeated discrepancy resilience — persists through multi-step investigations of complex accounting discrepancies that do not resolve quickly, maintaining thoroughness across extended resolution timelines Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. System failure adaptation — continues billing workflow using manual procedures or backup processes when primary software systems are unavailable Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Deadline pressure endurance — delivers complete and accurate billing batches under hard financial close deadlines without sacrificing verification integrity Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Conflict resilience in dispute handling — maintains professional composure and factual grounding when confronting aggressive or persistent customer billing disputes Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Regulatory change navigation — sustains full productivity and accuracy during transitions to new billing codes or compliance requirements, working through the uncertainty of the adjustment period Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Team resilience modeling — demonstrates visible calm and steady performance during organizational stress events such as system migrations or audit investigations, stabilizing team morale Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Sustained accuracy under chronic pressure — maintains low error rates and high verification standards across sustained high-demand billing cycles spanning weeks or months, without degradation in output quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
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Source anchors that ground each statement

Related titles
Account Clerk · Account Services Representative (Accounts Services Rep) · Accounting Assistant · Accounting Machine Operator · Accounts Adjustable Clerk · Accounts Analyst · Accounts Payable Analyst · Accounts Payable Associate · Accounts Payable Clerk · Accounts Payable Coordinator · Accounts Receivable Analyst · Accounts Receivable Clerk (AR Clerk)
RAPIDS apprenticeships
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O*NET skills
Reading ComprehensionMathematicsCritical ThinkingMonitoringTime ManagementActive ListeningSpeakingWriting
Knowledge domains
AdministrativeCustomer and Personal ServiceEnglish LanguageEconomics and AccountingMathematicsComputers and ElectronicsAdministration and Management
Abilities
Near VisionWritten ComprehensionInformation OrderingOral ExpressionOral ComprehensionWritten ExpressionSpeech RecognitionProblem SensitivitySpeech ClarityCategory Flexibility
Work styles
Attention to DetailDependabilityIntegrityCautiousnessPerseveranceCooperation
Technology
Accounting softwareFinancial analysis softwareExpert system softwareBilling and invoicing softwareGraphics or photo imaging softwareDocument management softwareIndustrial control softwareCustomer relationship management CRM softwareData base user interface and query softwareDesktop publishing software
Tasks · seed anchors for statements
  1. Verify accuracy of billing data and revise any errors.
  2. Resolve discrepancies in accounting records.
  3. Prepare itemized statements, bills, or invoices and record amounts due for items purchased or services rendered.
  4. Operate typing, adding, calculating, or billing machines.
  5. Post stop-payment notices to prevent payment of protested checks.
  6. Verify signatures and required information on checks.
  7. Keep records of invoices and support documents.
  8. Perform bookkeeping work, including posting data or keeping other records concerning costs of goods or services or the shipment of goods.
CIP education codes
01.010601.820101.820201.820301.820451.0705

Sources: O*NET v30.2 (CC BY 4.0), SkillsCrosswalk.com, LER.me, Anthropic Economic Index, SAFI (Jadhav & Danve, 2026), WEF Skills Taxonomy 2021, Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework. © 2026 EBSCOed.