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Highway Maintenance Workers

SOC 47-4051.00Job Zone 2 · Some Preparationv.26.05

Context coveredThis framework covers highway and roadway maintenance operations including traffic control, equipment operation, drainage maintenance, snow and ice removal, and road repair performed by crew-level and supervisory workers in a state or local transportation agency environment.

Sources:O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.SkillsCrosswalkSkillsCrosswalk — O*NET enrichment + adjacency index. Opens in new tab.
Emerging
Entry / Apprentice
  1. Traffic control signs and cones — place and position around active work zones under direct supervisor guidance on a public roadway.
  2. Flagging paddle and hand signals — apply to warn approaching motorists of obstacles or repair work ahead under close crew supervision.
  3. Basic hand tools and power tools — identify and use to assist with guardrail and highway marker installation under direct oversight.
  4. Debris and litter — collect and remove from roadway shoulders and drainage structures with hand tools under assigned crew direction.
  5. Sand and gravel materials — assist in hauling and spreading by hand to fill minor washouts under supervisor instruction at a road shoulder site.
  6. Work zone safety protocols — follow established procedures to protect crew members and the traveling public during routine maintenance tasks.
  7. Crew vehicles and light trucks — ride along and assist with loading equipment and supplies for transport to highway maintenance sites.
  8. Drainage structures including culverts and catch basins — assist in clearing debris under direct guidance during scheduled maintenance operations.
  9. Oral instructions from crew leads — listen and respond accurately to task assignments during daily highway maintenance operations.
  10. Personal protective equipment including high-visibility vests and hard hats — don and wear correctly on every roadway work site.
Developing
Mid-level / Established
  1. Traffic control devices including signs, cones, and barricades — set out and retrieve according to standard traffic control plans with minimal supervision on state highway projects.
  2. Flagging operations — execute independently to direct motorists safely past active repair zones in varying traffic and weather conditions.
  3. Light trucks and crew transport vehicles — drive to move personnel and equipment to assigned highway maintenance locations following established routes.
  4. Guardrails, road markers, and warning signals — install and repair using hand tools and power tools with routine accuracy on highway corridors.
  5. Culverts, drop inlets, and roadside ditches — clean and clear of sediment and debris during scheduled preventive maintenance cycles.
  6. Heavy equipment with adjustable attachments — operate to sweep paved surfaces, mow roadside vegetation, or spread sand and salt during seasonal maintenance.
  7. Preventive maintenance tasks on crew vehicles and equipment — perform routine checks and minor servicing according to agency maintenance schedules.
  8. Sand, gravel, and clay materials — haul by truck and spread mechanically to restore washed-out road shoulders and unpaved sections.
  9. Changing site conditions such as weather or unexpected hazards — recognize and report to crew lead while adjusting work pace appropriately.
  10. Work orders and daily activity logs — complete legibly using standard agency forms to document tasks performed and materials used.
Proficient
Senior / Expert IC
  1. Complex traffic control setups for multi-lane highway work zones — design, lay out, and verify compliance with MUTCD standards without supervisor review.
  2. Flagging and signaling operations in high-traffic or low-visibility conditions — manage independently, adjusting techniques to maintain public safety throughout the shift.
  3. Full range of highway maintenance tasks including guardrail replacement, shoulder repair, and drainage restoration — execute autonomously across varied terrain and weather.
  4. Heavy equipment including motor graders, snowplows, and mowers with specialized attachments — operate proficiently to complete snow removal, grading, and vegetation control assignments.
  5. Preventive and minor corrective maintenance on a variety of highway maintenance vehicles and power tools — diagnose common faults and perform repairs to minimize downtime.
  6. Drainage system performance including culverts, basins, and ditches — assess condition, prioritize cleaning needs, and complete corrective work before failures develop.
  7. Washout and road damage events — respond promptly, haul and place fill materials, and restore road shoulders to serviceable condition within required timeframes.
  8. Non-routine maintenance problems such as storm damage or equipment breakdowns — apply problem-solving skills to develop practical field solutions under operational pressure.
  9. Crew coordination during simultaneous multi-task operations — direct daily work assignments effectively to ensure safety and efficiency on active roadway sites.
  10. Incident documentation and condition reports — prepare accurate written summaries of damage, repairs, and material usage using agency database or reporting software.
Advanced
Lead / Principal / Executive
  1. Highway maintenance work programs for an assigned district or region — plan, schedule, and allocate crew and equipment resources to meet seasonal and annual maintenance targets.
  2. Work zone safety standards and agency traffic control policies — interpret, update, and enforce across all crew operations to sustain compliance with state and federal requirements.
  3. New maintenance workers and apprentices — train, mentor, and evaluate on equipment operation, safety protocols, and quality standards throughout on-the-job learning periods.
  4. Maintenance performance data and inspection findings — analyze using agency database and spreadsheet software to identify deteriorating assets and prioritize corrective action.
  5. Emergency response operations for severe weather, flooding, or major road damage — lead multi-crew mobilizations to restore safe travel conditions on critical highway corridors.
  6. Equipment fleet condition and preventive maintenance schedules — oversee to maximize operational readiness and recommend procurement or replacement decisions to management.
  7. Cross-agency coordination with transportation planners, public safety officials, and contractors — represent the maintenance unit in meetings to align project schedules and safety plans.
  8. Budget estimates for materials, labor, and equipment for seasonal maintenance programs — develop and justify using historical data and field assessments presented to district management.
  9. Safety culture and worksite discipline — model and reinforce dependability, cautiousness, and attention to detail across all crew levels through consistent leadership practices.
  10. After-action reviews following major incidents or project completions — facilitate structured debriefs to capture lessons learned and update standard operating procedures for the district.

AI-at-Work Competency Framework

Sources:Anthropic Economic IndexAnthropic Economic Index — release_2026_03_24. Opens in new tab.Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Authoritative source data identified for 998 occupations

How a worker at each mastery level uses, directs, and evaluates AI tools in this occupation. Each statement cites its evidence inline; click a citation chip to verify the source.

Emerging
  1. Basic AI-assisted hazard lookup — uses a mobile AI tool to query standard traffic control zone layouts and sign placement requirements before setting out cones and warning devices.
Developing
  1. Equipment fault identification — photographs dashboard warning lights or observable defects and submits images to an AI diagnostic assistant, then confirms recommended actions with a supervisor before proceeding with preventative maintenance Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
  2. Route and crew logistics support — inputs work site locations and crew count into an AI scheduling tool to generate optimized transport routes for driving trucks and delivering equipment to job sites WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
Proficient
  1. Operations monitoring augmentation — feeds sensor or inspection data from guardrail, signal, and lighting assets into an AI-driven monitoring dashboard, flagging anomalies for crew prioritization rather than relying solely on visual walkthroughs Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  2. Work-zone safety documentation — dictates field observations to an AI transcription tool that auto-formats incident notes and maintenance logs, freeing the worker to remain attentive to live traffic conditions WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  3. AI-guided repair sequencing — consults an AI assistant for step-by-step procedural guidance on installing or repairing highway markers and guardrails, cross-checking output against posted MUTCD standards before execution Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Advanced
  1. Predictive maintenance planning — directs an AI analytics tool to correlate historical equipment failure records with usage cycles, producing a ranked maintenance schedule that the worker validates against actual field conditions before submission to supervisors Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab. WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab..
  2. Training material co-development — partners with an AI content tool to draft crew briefings on updated traffic control procedures, then reviews and corrects outputs for site-specific accuracy before delivery to junior workers Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab..
Evidence pack
SAFI positioning
Top skill: Operation and Control
Score: 62.1 / 100
Quadrant: Q3_upskilling_window
precision: category_estimate
WEF cluster
Technology Use, Monitoring and Control
technology_use_monitoring_control
Sources:Jadhav & Danve, 2026Skill Automation Feasibility Index — Jadhav & Danve, 2026 (arXiv:2604.06906). Opens in new tab.WEF Skills TaxonomyWEF Skills Taxonomy 2021 — Building a Common Language for Skills at Work. Opens in new tab.

Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework

Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Subscriber feature

Ten durable-skill domains mapped to four proficiency/role levels for each occupation. Each statement is aligned to the Pathsmith taxonomy, derived from trusted grounding data and mapped to occupation-specific O*NET tasks and skills.

1Communication10 statements
Emerging
  1. Traffic control briefing — receives and repeats flagging and sign-placement instructions from crew lead before entering active work zone Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Hazard reporting — uses basic radio terminology to relay road debris or drainage obstruction sightings to dispatch Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Motorist signaling — directs drivers through construction zones using standardized hand signals and flag movements to maintain traffic flow and prevent collisions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Crew coordination — communicates equipment positioning needs to fellow workers verbally and by hand signal during paving, mowing, or snow-removal operations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Incident notification — relays road hazard details including location, type, and severity to supervisor using clear, sequenced radio transmissions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Work zone documentation — writes accurate daily activity logs, equipment usage records, and material quantities in crew reports submitted to transportation agency Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Public safety messaging — explains lane closure durations and alternate routes to motorists who stop and question work zone restrictions, using calm and clear language Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Pre-shift safety briefing — conveys daily task assignments, known road hazards, and equipment status updates to crew members before operations begin Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Cross-agency coordination — communicates work zone needs, schedule changes, and safety requirements directly with traffic engineers, law enforcement, and utility crews to synchronize multi-team operations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Training communication — instructs new maintenance workers on flagging protocols, equipment hand signals, and radio procedures through demonstration and verbal coaching in live field conditions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
2Leadership9 statements
Emerging
  1. Task readiness — prepares personal tools and PPE and arrives at staging area ready to receive assignment without prompting from crew lead Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Safety ownership — reports unsafe cone placement or missing warning signals to a senior worker rather than waiting for supervisor inspection Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Worksite setup leadership — takes initiative to position traffic signs and cones in correct sequence before crew lead assigns the specific layout task Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Peer guidance — demonstrates proper culvert-cleaning or pothole-patching technique to less-experienced workers during active operations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Crew coordination under absence — organizes and directs small maintenance crew task sequencing when lead supervisor is managing a separate incident site Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Equipment deployment decisions — determines which attachments and vehicles are dispatched to a snow or debris event based on road conditions and crew availability Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Accountability modeling — completes all assigned guardrail, marker, and lighting repairs to specification and verifies finished work before signing off on daily log Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Field crew supervision — leads multi-person maintenance team across extended highway corridor projects, assigning tasks, monitoring progress, and adjusting priorities as conditions change Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Program leadership — develops seasonal maintenance schedules for drainage clearing, mowing cycles, and winter operations that optimize crew deployment and material use across assigned district Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
3Metacognition8 statements
Emerging
  1. Skill gap awareness — identifies specific equipment operations or flagging procedures not yet mastered and seeks hands-on practice opportunities with experienced crew members Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Task review — after completing a pothole repair or shoulder haul, reflects on whether compaction and material spread met crew lead expectations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Learning transfer — applies technique adjustments from previous patching or grading jobs to current road conditions without requiring repeated instruction Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Error recognition — notices when a spreader calibration or blade angle setting produces substandard results and self-corrects before supervisor review Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Performance self-monitoring — tracks personal accuracy in sign placement geometry and material quantities against agency standards and adjusts field methods accordingly Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Situational learning — after a near-miss or traffic incident in the work zone, documents what contributed to the risk and adjusts personal setup and flagging routine Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Mentored reflection — guides newer workers through structured after-action review of completed maintenance tasks, prompting self-assessment of technique and safety decision-making Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Continuous improvement planning — evaluates personal and crew performance across seasonal maintenance cycles and identifies training or procedure changes to present to district supervisors Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
4Critical Thinking10 statements
Emerging
  1. Hazard identification — scans assigned road segment for visible drainage blockages, damaged markers, and surface defects before beginning repair sequence Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Material selection — identifies correct aggregate type from stockpile for shoulder repair based on crew lead instruction and site conditions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Drainage diagnosis — distinguishes between surface runoff problems and culvert blockage causes when inspecting washout sites, selecting appropriate clearing method Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Traffic flow analysis — evaluates motorist speed and volume to determine safe flagging intervals and cone taper length before setting up work zone Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Equipment fault assessment — identifies whether irregular spreader output results from hopper blockage, calibration error, or mechanical failure before escalating to mechanic Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Road condition prioritization — ranks multiple repair sites by safety risk, traffic impact, and weather forecast to recommend crew deployment sequence to supervisor Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Winter operations judgment — evaluates pavement temperature, precipitation type, and traffic density to determine correct mix ratio of salt and sand for anti-icing application Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Repair quality verification — inspects completed guardrail installation or highway marker placement against specification tolerances and identifies corrections before sign-off Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Complex problem resolution — analyzes recurring washout or pothole patterns on assigned corridor, identifies root causes such as subsurface drainage failure, and recommends engineering referral or modified maintenance approach Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Safety system evaluation — reviews work zone setup configurations after near-miss incidents and applies evidence-based adjustments to standard cone, sign, and flagging layouts used by the crew Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
5Collaboration9 statements
Emerging
  1. Team task execution — carries out assigned role in multi-person guardrail installation or culvert-cleaning operation without disrupting peer workflow Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Equipment handoff — returns shared tools and power equipment cleaned and accounted for so next crew member can begin work without delay Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Synchronized operations — coordinates body positioning and tool use with partnered worker during two-person highway marker installation to maintain safety and efficiency Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Cross-shift communication — provides accurate verbal and written handoff to incoming crew about repair status, material quantities remaining, and unresolved hazards Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Multi-crew site coordination — works alongside traffic control officers, utility crews, or paving contractors on shared road sections, adjusting maintenance task timing to avoid interference Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Resource sharing — coordinates with adjacent district maintenance crews on equipment loans and joint deployments during large storm or emergency road events Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Conflict navigation — resolves task overlap or pace disagreements within crew through direct, respectful conversation that keeps work zone operations on schedule Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Inter-agency collaboration — serves as primary field liaison between highway maintenance crew and state patrol, emergency services, or engineering teams during major road incidents or extended closures Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Crew integration — onboards and integrates seasonal or temporary workers into established crew systems, ensuring task roles, safety protocols, and communication norms are shared and practiced Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
6Character9 statements
Emerging
  1. PPE compliance — wears all required high-visibility clothing, hard hat, and safety footwear consistently at every work zone without supervisor prompting Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Honest reporting — accurately records hours worked, materials used, and tasks completed on daily activity sheets without omission or exaggeration Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Accountability in errors — reports equipment damage or incorrect material application immediately to supervisor rather than concealing or minimizing the incident Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Public service integrity — maintains professional demeanor and helpful attitude when motorists challenge or question work zone restrictions Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Environmental stewardship — disposes of road debris, chemical containers, and waste materials in compliance with environmental regulations without requiring supervisor oversight Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Consistent safety ethics — refuses to bypass required work zone setup steps even under schedule pressure, citing crew and public safety as non-negotiable Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  3. Equipment responsibility — performs required pre-operation inspections on trucks and heavy equipment and documents findings accurately before each shift Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Safety culture modeling — consistently demonstrates and enforces ethical work zone behavior and reinforces public safety standards with crew members and temporary workers Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Regulatory compliance leadership — ensures crew operations remain within agency, OSHA, and MUTCD standards during all maintenance activities and raises concerns when procedures drift from compliance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
7Creativity8 statements
Emerging
  1. Improvised repair solutions — identifies available on-hand materials to temporarily stabilize a road shoulder or fill a dangerous pothole when standard supplies are depleted at remote site Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Setup adaptation — rearranges cone and sign layout to manage unexpected lane geometry changes or temporary detour needs encountered mid-shift Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Efficiency innovation — proposes adjusted crew sequencing or equipment routing that reduces travel time between repair sites on assigned corridor Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Problem workaround — devises temporary drainage diversion method using available gravel and sheeting to protect road surface until full culvert repair crew arrives Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Seasonal adaptation — develops modified work zone configurations for nighttime, high-traffic, or narrow-road maintenance situations that maintain safety while enabling efficient operations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Maintenance scheduling creativity — organizes repair task sequences across multiple sites to exploit weather windows, traffic lulls, and equipment availability simultaneously Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Process improvement design — develops and pilots revised crew workflow or equipment attachment configuration that improves winter operations productivity and presents findings to district management Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Field training innovation — creates hands-on scenario exercises for new maintenance workers that simulate real work zone hazards and equipment challenges more effectively than standard orientation materials Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
8Growth Mindset9 statements
Emerging
  1. Skill pursuit — volunteers for unfamiliar equipment operation tasks such as first-time snowplow or mower attachment training rather than defaulting to familiar roles Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Feedback acceptance — receives crew lead correction on flagging technique or material spread pattern and implements adjustment on the next pass without resistance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Certification effort — pursues flagger certification, CDL upgrades, or equipment operator endorsements to expand work zone capabilities and advance within the maintenance career path Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Setback recovery — returns to work zone operations after a difficult shift involving adverse weather or equipment failure with maintained focus and work quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Continuous skill development — regularly cross-trains on multiple pieces of heavy equipment including graders, loaders, and spreaders to increase crew flexibility and personal versatility Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Constructive feedback use — incorporates supervisor performance review comments into adjusted field technique and measures improvement over subsequent work cycles Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Technology adoption — adapts to new GPS routing systems, electronic maintenance logs, or updated equipment controls introduced by agency without resistance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Mentorship of growth — coaches crew members who struggle with new equipment or procedures to reframe setbacks as learning opportunities and models persistent skill-building behavior Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Professional development leadership — pursues advanced training in transportation safety, construction inspection, or supervision and applies new knowledge to improve crew-level practice Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
9Mindfulness9 statements
Emerging
  1. Hazard awareness — maintains continuous situational awareness of approaching vehicles and moving equipment while working within active road work zones Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Fatigue recognition — identifies personal signs of attention lapse during extended shift and alerts crew lead before operating heavy equipment or performing high-risk flagging duties Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Distraction management — limits non-essential communication and device use while flagging or operating equipment in live traffic to sustain full operational attention Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Emotional regulation — manages frustration from motorist confrontations or adverse weather conditions without allowing reactions to compromise work zone safety or crew relations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. Sustained focus — maintains consistent attention to equipment gauges, road surface conditions, and crew positioning throughout multi-hour highway maintenance operations without degradation in performance quality Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Intentional pacing — monitors personal and crew fatigue levels during extended storm response operations and advocates for rotation or rest intervals to maintain safe work performance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Pre-task centering — pauses before operating new or unfamiliar equipment to review controls, confirm attachment settings, and mentally rehearse the operation sequence Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Crew mindfulness culture — establishes pre-shift awareness check-ins that prompt crew members to self-assess readiness, fatigue, and attention before entering high-risk work zones Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Stress response leadership — models composed, deliberate decision-making during multi-vehicle incidents or sudden severe weather events, preventing reactive choices that would escalate crew risk Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
10Fortitude9 statements
Emerging
  1. Weather endurance — continues assigned road maintenance tasks including snow removal, debris clearing, and patching through rain, cold, and heat while maintaining required safety standards Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Difficulty persistence — continues assigned culvert cleaning or shoulder repair work through physically demanding conditions without abandoning task before completion Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
Developing
  1. Extended shift resilience — sustains productive work performance during storm emergency overtime deployments that require multi-hour consecutive operations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Adversity adaptation — adjusts work methods and maintains crew productivity when equipment breakdowns, material shortages, or sudden road incidents disrupt planned maintenance operations Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Applying
  1. High-pressure operations — performs flagging and traffic control duties in high-speed, high-volume traffic corridors during peak commute hours without reduction in alertness or protocol adherence Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
  2. Post-incident return — resumes normal work zone operations effectively after witnessing or responding to a roadway emergency or serious equipment incident Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  3. Sustained campaign endurance — maintains work quality and safety compliance across multi-day winter storm response operations involving continuous snow plowing, salting, and shoulder repair Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Exceeding
  1. Crew resilience support — recognizes signs of fatigue or distress in crew members during extended emergency operations and takes action to rotate personnel and sustain team performance Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.
  2. Uncertainty leadership — keeps crew organized and task-focused during unpredictable large-scale road failures such as bridge closures or major flood damage events where standard procedures must be adapted in real time Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab. O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
Sources:Pathsmith Durable SkillsPathsmith Durable Skills Framework — America Succeeds + CompTIA. Opens in new tab.O*NET v30.2O*NET Resource Center — Occupational Information Network, v30.2 (Sept 2025). Opens in new tab.
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O*NET enrichment · skillscrosswalk.com

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Source anchors that ground each statement

Related titles
Asphalt Raker · Caltrans Equipment Operator · Certified Flagger · Construction Flagger · Equipment Operator (EO) · Flagger · Highway Maintainer · Highway Maintenance Crew Worker · Highway Maintenance Technician · Highway Maintenance Worker · Highway Technician (Highway Tech) · Highway Technician Associate
RAPIDS apprenticeships
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O*NET skills
Operation and ControlOperations MonitoringCoordinationMonitoringActive ListeningSpeakingComplex Problem Solving
Knowledge domains
Public Safety and SecurityEnglish LanguageTransportationBuilding and ConstructionEducation and TrainingAdministration and Management
Abilities
Control PrecisionMultilimb CoordinationProblem SensitivityArm-Hand SteadinessOral ComprehensionStatic StrengthManual DexterityNear VisionAuditory AttentionVisualization
Work styles
DependabilityCautiousnessAttention to DetailPerseveranceStress ToleranceCooperation
Technology
Data base user interface and query softwareSpreadsheet softwareOffice suite softwareElectronic mail softwarePresentation softwareWord processing softwareInternet browser software
Tasks · seed anchors for statements
  1. Set out signs and cones around work areas to divert traffic.
  2. Flag motorists to warn them of obstacles or repair work ahead.
  3. Perform preventative maintenance on vehicles and heavy equipment.
  4. Drive trucks to transport crews and equipment to work sites.
  5. Erect, install, or repair guardrails, road shoulders, berms, highway markers, warning signals, and highway lighting, using hand tools and power tools.
  6. Clean and clear debris from culverts, catch basins, drop inlets, ditches, and other drain structures.
  7. Drive heavy equipment and vehicles with adjustable attachments to sweep debris from paved surfaces, mow grass and weeds, remove snow and ice, and spread salt and sand.
  8. Haul and spread sand, gravel, and clay to fill washouts and repair road shoulders.
CIP education codes
49.020249.0207

Sources: O*NET v30.2 (CC BY 4.0), SkillsCrosswalk.com, LER.me, Anthropic Economic Index, SAFI (Jadhav & Danve, 2026), WEF Skills Taxonomy 2021, Pathsmith Durable Skills Framework. © 2026 EBSCOed.